diff --git a/_config.yml b/_config.yml index 2de3a35..fcb4f14 100644 --- a/_config.yml +++ b/_config.yml @@ -29,10 +29,11 @@ kramdown: input: GFM syntax_highlighter: rouge -collections_dir: collections -collections: - docs: - output: true +# THIS BREAKS THE SITE!! +# collections_dir: collections +# collections: +# docs: +# output: true highlighter: rouge diff --git a/_data/projects.json b/_data/projects.json index 56c9b45..11aaa2e 100644 --- a/_data/projects.json +++ b/_data/projects.json @@ -1,22 +1,40 @@ { - "featured":{ - "name":"DeepSpace Offseason Codebase", - "description":"This is the code behind @frc5024's robot for the 2019 offseason. I have spent a large amount of my free time adding every feature that I wished we had during the season as a way to familiarize myself with the WPIlib Java API.", - "url":"https://github.com/frc5024/DeepSpace-SWI", - "image":"https://i.ytimg.com/vi/aifZLWQ_N7U/maxresdefault.jpg" + "featured": { + "name": "DeepSpace Offseason Codebase", + "description": "This is the code behind @frc5024's robot for the 2019 offseason. I have spent a large amount of my free time adding every feature that I wished we had during the season as a way to familiarize myself with the WPIlib Java API.", + "url": "https://github.com/frc5024/DeepSpace-SWI", + "image": "https://i.ytimg.com/vi/aifZLWQ_N7U/maxresdefault.jpg" }, - "other":[ - { - "name":"ThriftyField", - "description":"ThriftyField is an open source replacement for the FIRST FMS software. This tool allows mass control over robots, along with real-time scoring and an audience display.", - "url":"https://github.com/frc5024/ThriftyField", - "image":"" - }, - { - "name":"DevDNS", - "description":"DevDNS is a devRant bot for resolving DNS queries send via devRant’s comments system.", - "url":"https://github.com/Ewpratten/devDNS", - "image":"" - } - ] + "other": { + "rows": [ + [ + { + "name": "ThriftyField", + "description": "ThriftyField is an open source replacement for the FIRST FMS software. This tool allows mass control over robots, along with real-time scoring and an audience display.", + "url": "https://github.com/frc5024/ThriftyField", + "image": "" + }, + { + "name": "DevDNS", + "description": "DevDNS is a devRant bot for resolving DNS queries send via devRant’s comments system.", + "url": "https://github.com/Ewpratten/devDNS", + "image": "" + } + ], + [ + { + "name": "Dirobium", + "description": "Dirobium is a fantasy CPU emulator that I built to teach myself basic low-level programming", + "url": "https://github.com/Ewpratten/Dirobium", + "image": "" + }, + { + "name": "devCredits", + "description": "My first community project, a tool help people credit contributors on their devRant community projects", + "url": "https://github.com/Ewpratten/devCredits", + "image": "" + } + ] + ] + } } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_includes/footer.html b/_includes/footer.html index 0e142bb..04d9180 100644 --- a/_includes/footer.html +++ b/_includes/footer.html @@ -50,9 +50,18 @@ + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_layouts/home.html b/_layouts/home.html index dc49c9f..311874c 100644 --- a/_layouts/home.html +++ b/_layouts/home.html @@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ -
-
+
+
diff --git a/_layouts/projects.html b/_layouts/projects.html index 1be2185..ec2b40f 100644 --- a/_layouts/projects.html +++ b/_layouts/projects.html @@ -41,31 +41,37 @@

+ + {% for row in site.data.projects["other"]["rows"] %}
- {% for project in site.data.projects["other"] %} -
- {% if project.image != "" %} - Project image - {% endif %} -
-
{{project.name}}
-

{{project.description}}

- - - -
+ {% for project in row %} +
+ {% if project.image != "" %} + Project image + {% endif %} +
+
{{project.name}}
+

{{project.description}}

+ + +
- {% endfor %}
- -

-
-

This site is still under development. More projects will be listed soon.

-
- + + {% endfor %}
+

+ {% endfor %} + + +

+
+

This site is still under development. More projects will be listed soon.

+
+
+
{% include footer.html %} diff --git a/_site/about/index.html b/_site/about/index.html index 145417d..870acd2 100644 --- a/_site/about/index.html +++ b/_site/about/index.html @@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ sub rsa4096/0xA61A2F1676E35144 2019-08-11 [] [expires: 2025-08-09] Site design by: Evan Pratten | - This site was last updated at: 2019-08-17 12:03:52 -0400 + This site was last updated at: 2019-08-21 12:48:55 -0400
@@ -202,14 +202,22 @@ sub rsa4096/0xA61A2F1676E35144 2019-08-11 [] [expires: 2025-08-09] + + + + + - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/assets/css/main.css b/_site/assets/css/main.css index 5b6ca6c..db5cad7 100644 --- a/_site/assets/css/main.css +++ b/_site/assets/css/main.css @@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ a h5 { font-family: 'Noto Sans TC', sans-serif; box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19); background-color: #fff; - } .container .profile{ diff --git a/_site/assets/js/particles.json b/_site/assets/js/particles.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..adf3ad1 --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/assets/js/particles.json @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ +{ + "particles": { + "number": { + "value": 33, + "density": { + "enable": true, + "value_area": 800 + } + }, + "color": { + "value": "#6c757d" + }, + "shape": { + "type": "circle", + "stroke": { + "width": 0, + "color": "#000000" + }, + "polygon": { + "nb_sides": 5 + }, + "image": { + "src": "img/github.svg", + "width": 100, + "height": 100 + } + }, + "opacity": { + "value": 0.5, + "random": false, + "anim": { + "enable": false, + "speed": 1, + "opacity_min": 0.1, + "sync": false + } + }, + "size": { + "value": 3.9458004845442964, + "random": false, + "anim": { + "enable": false, + "speed": 40, + "size_min": 0.1, + "sync": false + } + }, + "line_linked": { + "enable": true, + "distance": 110.4824135672403, + "color": "#17a2b8", + "opacity": 1, + "width": 4.419296542689612 + }, + "move": { + "enable": false, + "speed": 6, + "direction": "none", + "random": false, + "straight": false, + "out_mode": "out", + "bounce": false, + "attract": { + "enable": false, + "rotateX": 600, + "rotateY": 1200 + } + } + }, + "interactivity": { + "detect_on": "canvas", + "events": { + "onhover": { + "enable": false, + "mode": "repulse" + }, + "onclick": { + "enable": true, + "mode": "remove" + }, + "resize": true + }, + "modes": { + "grab": { + "distance": 400, + "line_linked": { + "opacity": 1 + } + }, + "bubble": { + "distance": 400, + "size": 40, + "duration": 2, + "opacity": 8, + "speed": 3 + }, + "repulse": { + "distance": 200, + "duration": 0.4 + }, + "push": { + "particles_nb": 4 + }, + "remove": { + "particles_nb": 2 + } + } + }, + "retina_detect": true + } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/assets/js/particles.min.js b/_site/assets/js/particles.min.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b3d46d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/assets/js/particles.min.js @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +/* ----------------------------------------------- +/* Author : Vincent Garreau - vincentgarreau.com +/* MIT license: http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT +/* Demo / Generator : vincentgarreau.com/particles.js +/* GitHub : github.com/VincentGarreau/particles.js +/* How to use? : Check the GitHub README +/* v2.0.0 +/* ----------------------------------------------- */ +function hexToRgb(e){var a=/^#?([a-f\d])([a-f\d])([a-f\d])$/i;e=e.replace(a,function(e,a,t,i){return a+a+t+t+i+i});var t=/^#?([a-f\d]{2})([a-f\d]{2})([a-f\d]{2})$/i.exec(e);return t?{r:parseInt(t[1],16),g:parseInt(t[2],16),b:parseInt(t[3],16)}:null}function clamp(e,a,t){return Math.min(Math.max(e,a),t)}function isInArray(e,a){return a.indexOf(e)>-1}var pJS=function(e,a){var t=document.querySelector("#"+e+" > 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window.requestAnimationFrame||window.webkitRequestAnimationFrame||window.mozRequestAnimationFrame||window.oRequestAnimationFrame||window.msRequestAnimationFrame||function(e){window.setTimeout(e,1e3/60)}}(),window.cancelRequestAnimFrame=function(){return window.cancelAnimationFrame||window.webkitCancelRequestAnimationFrame||window.mozCancelRequestAnimationFrame||window.oCancelRequestAnimationFrame||window.msCancelRequestAnimationFrame||clearTimeout}(),window.pJSDom=[],window.particlesJS=function(e,a){"string"!=typeof e&&(a=e,e="particles-js"),e||(e="particles-js");var t=document.getElementById(e),i="particles-js-canvas-el",s=t.getElementsByClassName(i);if(s.length)for(;s.length>0;)t.removeChild(s[0]);var n=document.createElement("canvas");n.className=i,n.style.width="100%",n.style.height="100%";var r=document.getElementById(e).appendChild(n);null!=r&&pJSDom.push(new pJS(e,a))},window.particlesJS.load=function(e,a,t){var i=new XMLHttpRequest;i.open("GET",a),i.onreadystatechange=function(a){if(4==i.readyState)if(200==i.status){var s=JSON.parse(a.currentTarget.response);window.particlesJS(e,s),t&&t()}else console.log("Error pJS - XMLHttpRequest status: "+i.status),console.log("Error pJS - File config not found")},i.send()}; \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2018/06/27/becomeranter.html b/_site/blog/2018/06/27/becomeranter.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..956777d --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2018/06/27/becomeranter.html @@ -0,0 +1,180 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

Using a python script to create devRant posts based on the style and content of another user

+

if/else ++

+
+

2018-06-27 14:32:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

Ok… The title is slightly wrong. There are actually 2 scripts.. Sorry about that.

+ +

This is a guide on installing and using the BecomeRanter script.

+ +

Getting dependancies

+

The scripts use Google’s tensorflow library to do its “magic”. So first, we should install Tensorflow’s dependencies.

+ +
sudo apt install python3 python3-pip #change this command to fit your distro
+pip3 install numpy
+
+

Then install Tensorflow

+
pip3 install tensorflow #for cpu processing
+pip3 install tensorflow-gpu #for gpu processing
+
+ +

Next up, install the rest of the stuff:

+
pip3 install textgenrnn pandas keras
+
+ +

Clone the repo

+

This is pretty simple. just make sure you have git installed and run

+
git clone https://github.com/Ewpratten/BecomeRanter.git
+
+ +

Generate some rants with a .hdf5 file

+

As of the time of writing this, I have pre-generated some files for the two most popular ranters. These files can be found in BecomeRanter/Checkpoint\ Files.

+ +

Higher epoch numbers mean that they have had more time to train. The files with lower numbers are generally funnier.

+ +

To change the .hdf5 file you would like to use, open the file called createsomerants.py and change the variable called input_file to the path of your file. By default, the script generates from the Linuxxx-epoch-90.hdf5 file.

+ +

Next, save that file and run the following in your terminal:

+
python3 createsomerants.py >> output.txt
+
+

It will not print the results out to the screen and put them in the file instead.

+ +

To stop the script, press CTRL + C

+ +

Create your own .hdf5 file

+

If you want to make your own hdf5 file, you just have to use the other script in the repo.

+ +

By default, you can just put all your text to train on in the input.txt file.

+ +

If you want to use a different file, or change the number of epochs, those variables can be found at the top of the createhfd5frominput.py file.

+ +

To start training, run:

+
python3 createhfd5frominput.py
+
+ +

A new hdf5 file will be generated in the same folder as the script

+ + +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/04/30/frc-languages.html b/_site/blog/2019/04/30/frc-languages.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5e9d90a --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/04/30/frc-languages.html @@ -0,0 +1,144 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

The language hunt

+

+
+

2019-04-30 14:32:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

Our programming team is looking to switch languages in the 2020 season. Here is the what, why, and how.

+ +

Our history

+

We started out as a java team back in 2014 because java was (and still is) the language being taught in our programming classes. Honestly, our code sucked, as many rookie team’s do. There where no fancy features, or sensor-assisted autonomous. Direct input into talons was our way to roll.

+ +

A few years later, we had a change in team organization and switched to C++. Up until the 2019 / 2020 season, this was our language and we where getting pretty good at using it.

+ +

The Problem

+

We, as a team are looking to bring our programming and robots to the next level in 2020. Because of this, we ran into a problem. While C++ is an amazing language for embedded and robotics programming, some of it’s “features” where starting to act as a bottleneck to our design. Less time was being spent on polishing our new vision system or autonomous climb, and more on that crazy linker error that came out of nowhere.

+ +

It’s time for a change, but what do we change to?

+ +

Part 2

+

The followup can be found HERE.

+ + +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/05/27/building-safe-vision-comms.html b/_site/blog/2019/05/27/building-safe-vision-comms.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..14f9614 --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/05/27/building-safe-vision-comms.html @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

Building a safe and easy system for sending computer vision data from a raspberry pi to a roborio

+

+
+

2019-05-27 05:22:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

Computer vision on an FRC robot has some problems.

+
    +
  • RoboRIO is not powerfull enough
    • +
  • NetworkTables is not fast enough
    • +
  • A TCP connection is great until you lose connection
    • +
  • mDNS discovery is not reliable on the field
    • +
  • UDP can skip frames
    • +
+ +

Needs

+

These are the things I need to have.

+
    +
  • Send data from any device
    • +
  • Recive data on RoboRIO at any time
    • +
  • Data rate faster than period time
    • +
+ +

Wants

+

These are the things I would like to have.

+
    +
  • Easy discovery
    • +
  • Threaded
    • +
  • Simple interface for new programmers
    • +
  • Fallback in case of UDP issues
    • +
  • FMS network firewall compliant
    • +
+ +

I am currently working on a protocol for solving this problem, nad will post an update here once it has been tested. Feel free to let me know your thoughts and ideas.

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/06/12/styiling-github.html b/_site/blog/2019/06/12/styiling-github.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bcc934a --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/06/12/styiling-github.html @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

GitHub's CSS is boring. So I refreshed the design

+

+
+

2019-06-12 09:09:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

I have been using GitHub since 2017, and have been getting tired of GitHub’s theme. I didn’t need a huge change, just a small refresh. So, to solve this, I whipped out Stylus and made a nice little CSS file for it.

+ +

The CSS

+

Here is the CSS. Feel free to play with it.

+ +
@-moz-document url-prefix("https://github.com/") {
+.Header {
+    background-color: #1a3652;
+}
+
+.repohead.experiment-repo-nav {
+    background-color: #fff;
+}
+.reponav-item.selected {
+    border-color: #fff #fff #4a79a8;
+}
+
+.btn.hover,
+.btn:hover,
+.btn,
+.btn {
+    background-color: #fafafa;
+    background-image: linear-gradient(-180deg, #fafafa, #fafafa 90%);
+}
+
+.btn-primary.hover,
+.btn-primary:hover,
+.btn-primary,
+.btn-primary {
+    background-color: #1aaa55;
+    background-image: linear-gradient(-180deg, #1aaa55, #1aaa55 90%);
+}
+
+.overall-summary {}
+}
+
+ +

Use it yourself

+

I put this theme on userstyles.org. You can download and install it by going to my userstyles page.

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/06/16/graphing-w2a.html b/_site/blog/2019/06/16/graphing-w2a.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e033878 --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/06/16/graphing-w2a.html @@ -0,0 +1,182 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

Graphing the relation between wheels and awards for FRC

+

AKA. Why programmer + reddit + matplotlib is a bad idea.

+
+

2019-06-16 11:51:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

I was scrolling through reddit the other day, and came across this great post by u/MasterQuacks.

+ +

My insporation

+ +

I thought to myself “ha. Thats funny”, and moved on. But that thought had stuck with me.

+ +

So here I am, bored on a sunday afternoon, staring at the matplotlib documentation.

+ +

My creation

+

In only a few lines of python, I have a program that will (badly) graph the number of awards per wheel for any team, or set of teams.

+ +

As always, feel free to tinker with the code. This one is not published anywhere, so if you want to share it, I would appreciate a mention.

+ +
import requests
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+class Team:
+    def __init__(self, id, wheels):
+        self.id = id
+        self.wheels = wheels * 2
+
+### CONFIG ###
+
+teams = [Team(5024, 3), Team(254, 4), Team(1114, 3), Team(5406, 3), Team(2056, 4)]
+year = 2019
+
+##############
+
+
+for i, team in enumerate(teams):
+    award_data = requests.get("https://www.thebluealliance.com/api/v3/team/frc" + str(team.id) + "/awards/" + str(year), params={"X-TBA-Auth-Key": "mz0VWTNtXTDV8NNOz3dYg9fHOZw8UYek270gynLQ4v9veaaUJEPvJFCZRmte7AUN"}).json()
+
+    awards_count = len(award_data)
+
+    team.w2a = awards_count / team.wheels
+    print(team.id, team.w2a)
+
+    plt.bar(i + 1, team.w2a, tick_label=str(team.id))
+
+# Plot
+x_lables = [team.id for team in teams]
+# plt.set_xticklabels(x_lables)
+
+with plt.xkcd():
+    plt.title('Awards per wheel')
+    plt.show()
+
+
+ +

The result

+

Here is the resulting image. From left, to right: 5024, 254, 1114, 5406, 2056

+ +

Thr result

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/docs/devRant-api.html b/_site/blog/2019/06/17/amm2m1-release.html similarity index 64% rename from _site/docs/devRant-api.html rename to _site/blog/2019/06/17/amm2m1-release.html index 0fc89b6..0acacd6 100644 --- a/_site/docs/devRant-api.html +++ b/_site/blog/2019/06/17/amm2m1-release.html @@ -33,14 +33,42 @@
+ -
-
-
-

page.title

+ + + +
+
+

I made a new song!

+

Releasing a new song with friends at school

+
+

2019-06-17 06:20:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

I am currently taking a class in school called Music and computers (AMM2M), where as part of the class, whe get together into bands, and produce a song. After taking a break from music production for over a year, we have released our song for the class (we do two songs, but the second is not finished yet).

+ +

My contribution

+

My main contribution to the project was a mix of live drumming, and most of the song’s MIDI work. The song is far from perfect, but pretty good for the time we had to produce it.

+ +

Just give me the song!

+

Ok. Ok. Here is the song:

+ + + +
+
@@ -53,7 +81,7 @@ Site design by: Evan Pratten | - This site was last updated at: 2019-08-17 12:03:52 -0400 + This site was last updated at: 2019-08-21 12:48:55 -0400
@@ -94,13 +122,20 @@ + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/06/21/robot-experiences.html b/_site/blog/2019/06/21/robot-experiences.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a7f16c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/06/21/robot-experiences.html @@ -0,0 +1,175 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

What I have learned from 2 years of FRC programming

+

Robots are pretty cool

+
+

2019-06-21 11:14:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

Over the past two years (2018 / 2019), I have been a member of my school’s FRC team, Raider Robotics. Specifically, a programmer.

+ +

My roles

+

In my first year, I joined the team as a programmer and had a fun time learning about embedded programming and development with hardware. Then, in my second year, I was promoted to programming co-lead along with @slownie. I much preferred my second season because I had a better understanding of the technology I was working with, and we got to play with some cool tools throughout the season.

+ +

What I have learned

+

Starting with our 2018 season, PowerUP. We learned early on that there is a practical limit to the number of programmers that 5024 can handle. That year, we had too many, and our situation was not helped by the fact that some members preferred scrolling through Instagram over writing code. This issue was almost entirely fixed by the introduction of a mandatory skill exam at the start of the season. Sam and I did not really care about the scores of the exam because, from reading the results, we could see who was actually motivated to join the team. Thanks to the test, we entered the season with seven excited programmers.

+ +

During the PowerUP season, I also learned the importance of student involvement. Most of the code from the season was written by mentors with the students just watching on a projecter. After talking with other team members, I learned that none of them through this was a good method of teaching, and many felt powerless. In the 2019 season, I completely reversed this. All students worked together on the codebase, and the mentors worked on other projects and provided input where needed.

+ +

Version Control

+

During the 2018 season, code was shared around by USB. This lead to crazy conflicts, confusion over what was running on the robot, and general frustration during competitions. In 2019, I moved the team over to a GitHub organization account and sent an email to support to get us unlimited private repos (thanks GitHub!). For the team members that where not comfortable in the terminal, I set them up with GitKracken PRO accounts, and they enjoyed using the program. The rest of us stuck with GIT cli, or various plugins for VSCode.

+ +

Alpha test

+

I got our team on board with the 2019 toolchain alpha test the week it was released in order to get everyone used to the new tools before the season (and help find bugs for the WPILib team). The new buildsystem, Gradle, worked great and I could even run it on the chromebook I was using for development at the time! To further assist the team, I set up a CI pipeline for automatic testing and code reviews of Pull Requests, and a doxygen + GitHub pages CD pipeline for our new documentation webpage.

+ +

Webdocs

+

A significant amount of my time was spent answering repetitive questions from the team. I enjoy helping people out, but explaining the same things over and over was starting to frustrate me. This was caused by a lack of documentation or bits of documentation spread over multiple websites. To solve this problem, I started the Webdocs Page. This website is designed to house a mix of team-specific notes, guides, low-level documentation, and documentation from all FRC vendors. This site was published after the season, so I will find out how usefull it really is during the 2020 season.

+ +

Command base

+

“Command based programming is great. But…” is probably the best way to describe my suggested changes for 2020.

+ +

I have been learning from other teams, and from mentors about better ways to control our robot. During the offseason, I am playing with new ways to write robot code. Here are some of my changes:

+
    +
  • Use a custom replacement for WPILib’s Subsystem that buffers it’s inputs and outputs +
      +
    • This reduces load on our CAN and Ethernet networks
      • +
    +
    • +
  • Offload all camera and vision work to a Raspberry PI
    • +
  • Every subsystem must push telemetry data to NetworkTables for easy debugging and detailed logs
    • +
  • Use a custom logging system that buffers writes to stdout. This reduces network strain
    • +
+ +

I am working on many other changes over on the MiniBot codebase.

+ +

My plans for 2020

+

I have been re-selected to be the sole lead of the 5024 programming team for 2020. Here are my goals:

+
    +
  • Switch the team from C++ to Java +
      +
    • Easier for prototyping
      • +
    • Better memory management for high-level programmers
      • +
    • Better documentation from vendors
      • +
    • It is taught in our school’s compsci classes
      • +
    +
    • +
  • Remove the skills exam in favour of weekly homework for the first 8 weeks
    • +
  • Provide writeups of lessons
    • +
  • Have mentors do “guest presentations”
    • +
  • Dedicate a day to robot driving lessons
    • +
  • Use a custom library with wrappers and tools built by me to provide easy interfaces for new programmers
    • +
+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/06/23/googlectf.html b/_site/blog/2019/06/23/googlectf.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e1902c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/06/23/googlectf.html @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

I gave Google's CTF a short try and learned a thing or two

+

But exams got in the way and took all the fun

+
+

2019-06-23 18:04:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

Honestly, I completely forgot that this was the weekend of Google’s online CTF Qualifications for 2019 and was late, unprepared, busy, and did not have a team to work with.

+ +

What is this event?

+

Google hosts a (yearly?) event where hackers from around the world team up and attempt a variety of tasks like: exploiting machines over a network, reversing firmware, pulling passwords from tcp packets, hacking crypto stuff (something I suck at), breaking compilers. and much more. Generally, this event and others like it are really fun.

+ +

What I learned

+

Many questions I worked on involved extracting a key from a binary. I employed two vastly different tools for this job. First, a standard linux tool, strings. When passed a filename, it will extract and print all human-readable strings it can find to the terminal. The flag is usually in this dump. If not, I use the second tool. Ghidra, an open-source reverse engineering tool designed by the NSA. I used this tool a fair amount during my quick attempt at GCTF.

+ +

Will I do this again?

+

Yes! The CTF was very fun to try, and I will definitely give it a proper shot next time.

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/06/24/languagehunt2.html b/_site/blog/2019/06/24/languagehunt2.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..542bb4a --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/06/24/languagehunt2.html @@ -0,0 +1,139 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

The language hunt: Part 2

+

A quick followup

+
+

2019-06-24 17:36:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

This is a very short post, just to explain the result of The language Hunt.

+ +

Our choice

+

For our upcoming 2020 season and for the forseeable future, we have chosen Java as our programming language for direct hardware interfacing, and Python for networking, vision, and other smaller tasks.

+ +

What does this mean for the team?

+

Not too much. Aside from learning new syntax, tools, and no longer worrying about linker errors, Java and C++ have no real difference. Most of the reason Java was chosen was based on support instead of functionality. Java is much better supported by FIRST, WPILib, and other vendors. Java is also taught in the school 5024 is based from. For a more detailed explanation of the benefits of each language, take a look at Chief Delphi. There are plenty of posts there explaining the choices of many teams and their reasoning.

+ +

Side note

+

I am experimenting with various post formats (This being a short post). Let me know which you prefer via the social platform of your choice.

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/06/26/bashsmash.html b/_site/blog/2019/06/26/bashsmash.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ce99f9c --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/06/26/bashsmash.html @@ -0,0 +1,248 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

BashSmash

+

A tool for driving people crazy

+
+

2019-06-26 11:48:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

I was watching this great Liveoverflow video yesterday, and really liked the idea of building escape sequences with strings. So, I built a new tool, BashSmash.

+ +

The goal

+

The goal of BashSmash is very similar to that described in Liveoverflow’s video. Do anything in bash without using any letters or numbers except n and f (he used i instead of f). This can both bypass shell injection filters, and generally mess with people.

+ +

Saying “Hey, you should run:”

+
__() {/???/???/???n?f ${#};}; $(/???/???/???n?f $(/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" ``__ `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" ``__ `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" ``__ `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" ``__ `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" "" `";););
+
+ +

Instead of:

+
sudo rm -rf --no-preserve--root /
+
+ +

Can usually get you much farther with your goal of world domination.

+ +

How does this work?

+

BashSmash abuses bash wildcards, octal escape codes, and a large number of backslashes to obfuscate any valid shell script.

+ +

Firstly, it is important to know that printf will gladly convert any octal to a string, and bash’s eval ($()) function will gladly run any string as a bash script. (See where this is going?)

+ +

Because of these tools, we know that the following is possible:

+
# Printf-ing a string will print the string
+printf "hello" # This will return hello
+
+# Printf-ing a sequence of octal escapes will also print a string
+printf "\150\145\154\154\157" # This will also return hello
+
+# Eval-ing a printf of an octal escape sequence will build a string, then run it in bash
+$(printf "\150\145\154\154\157") # This will warn that "hello" is not a valid command
+
+ +

This has some issues. You may have noticed that letters are required to spell printf, and numbers are needed for the octal escapes. Let’s start by fixing the letters problem.

+ +

Bash allows wildcards. You may have run something like cp ./foo/* ./bar before. This uses the wildcard *. The * wildcard will be auto-evaluated to expand into a list of all files in it’s place.

+
# Let's assume that ./foo contains the following files:
+#   john.txt
+#   carl.txt
+
+# Running the following:
+cat ./foo/*
+
+# Will automatically expand to:
+cat ./foo/john.txt ./foo/carl.txt
+
+# Now, lets assume that ./baz contains a single file:
+#   KillHumans.sh
+
+# Running:
+./baz/*
+
+# Will execute KillHumans.sh
+
+ +

Neat, Right? To take this a step further, you can use the second wildcard, ?, to specify the number of characters you want to look for. Running ./baz/? will not run KillHumans.sh because KillHumans.sh is not 1 char long. But ./baz/????????????? will. This is messy, but it works.

+ +

Now, back to our problem with printf. printf is located in /usr/bin/printf on all *nix systems. This is handy as, firstly, this can be wildcarded, and secondly, the path contains 2 n’s and an f (the two letters we are allowed to use). So, instead of calling printf, we can call /???/??n/???n?f.

+
# Now, we can call:
+/???/??n/???n?f "\150\145\154\154\157"
+
+# To print "hello". Or:
+$(/???/??n/???n?f "\150\145\154\154\157")
+
+# To run "hello" as a program (still gives an error)
+
+ +

Now, our problem with letters is solved, but we are still using numbers.

+ +

Bash allows anyone to define functions. These functions can take arguments and call other programs. So, what if we have a function that can take any number of arguments, and return the number of arguments as a number? This will be helpful because an empty argument can be added with "" (not a number or letter), and this will replace the need for numbers in our code. On a side note, bash allows __ as a function name, so that’s cool.

+ +
# Our function needs to do the following:
+#   - Take any number of arguments
+#   - Turn the number to a string
+#   - Print the string so it can be evaluated back to a number with $()
+
+# First, we start with an empty function, named __ (two underscores)
+__() {};
+
+# Easy. Next, we use a built-in feature of bash to count the number of arguments passed
+__() { ${#} };
+
+# With the ${#} feature in bash, giving this function 3 arguments will return a 3
+# Next, we need to print this number to stdout 
+# This can be done with printf
+# We still do not want to use any letters or numbers, so we must use our string of wildcards
+/???/??n/???n?f
+
+# So, we just plug this into our function
+__() {/???/??n/???n?f ${#}};
+
+# Now, calling our function with three arguments
+__ "" "" ""
+# Will print:
+3
+
+ +

Let’s put this together. First, we must tell bash that our __ function exists.

+
# We do this by starting our new script with: 
+__() {/???/??n/???n?f ${#}};
+
+# Next, an eval to actually run our constructed string. Together it now looks like this:
+__() {/???/??n/???n?f ${#}); $(/???/??n/???n?f )
+
+# Now, we construct a string using the __ function over and over again. "echo hello" looks like:
+__() {/???/???/???n?f ${#};}; $(/???/???/???n?f $(/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" "" "" "" ``__ `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" `";/???/???/???n?f "\\\\`__ "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" ``__ "" "" "" "" "" "" "" `";););
+
+ +

Thats it! You do not actually have to worry about this, because BashSmash does it all for you automatically.

+ +

How do I use the script?

+

To use BashSmash, simply make sure both python3.7 and python3-pip are installed on your computer, then run:

+
pip3 install bashsmash
+
+ +

For more info, see the PYPI Page.

+ +

Why do you have a desire to break things with python

+

Because it is fun. Give it a try!

+ +

I will have a post here at some point about the weird things I do in my python code and why I do them.

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/06/27/pwnlink.html b/_site/blog/2019/06/27/pwnlink.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..acdcf7e --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/06/27/pwnlink.html @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

I had some fun with a router

+

cleartext passwords + external management = death wish

+
+

2019-06-27 13:16:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

I was playing around with some D-link routers today and remembered an ExploitDB Entry I read a while ago. Many D-link routers have a great feature that allows remote management and configuration queries. Interestingly, this cannot be disabled, and one of the pages contains a cleartext version of the admin password (yay!).

+ +

How to get yourself an admin password

+

On any supported router, make an HTTP request to http://your.router.ip.addr/tools_admin.asp/. This will return a pretty large XML file containing information about your router’s hardware and configuration.

+ +

Notice the fact that you did not have to log in. This is due to the fact that this file seems to be used by a remote management service of some sort.

+ +

The important thing to note here is that, when parsed with the regex pattern: name="user_password_tmp" value="(.*)">, you get a single string. This string is the admin password of the device.

+ +

Supported routers

+

This is supported by many D-link routers. The ones I know about are:

+
    +
  • DIR-835
    • +
  • DIR-855L
    • +
  • DGL-5500
    • +
+ +

Some routers have this XML file, but it is restricted… By a user without a password. These are:

+
    +
  • DHP-1565
    • +
  • DIR-652
    • +
+ + +

Like everything I play with, I made a script to do this all for me (and spent a large amount of time adding colours to the text).

+ +

My script is called PWNlink (PWN + D-link), It automatically finds a router on your network by looking for a specific DNS entry created by many D-link routers, then checking your gateway. Next, PWNlink reads you router’s hnap1 config to find it’s model number. If supported, the script will read and parse the appropriate configs to give you the admin credentials for your router.

+ +

PWNlink can be installed on any *nix computer that has both python3.7 and python3-pip installed. To install PWNlink, run:

+
pip3 install pwnlink
+
+ +

Run the script without any arguments for automatic detection, or pass any IP address to use manual detection.

+ +

Disclamier thingy

+

I don’t see much point to these, but I should probably put one anyways.

+ +

Don’t be dumb with this script.

+ +

I have only used it on my own (or 5024’s) routers, and did not create PWNlink with any malicious intent.

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/06/27/python.html b/_site/blog/2019/06/27/python.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cd3cc5c --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/06/27/python.html @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

Hunting snakes with a shotgun

+

Python is a little too forgiving

+
+

2019-06-27 03:00:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

A rather large number of people know me as “the guy who does weird things with python”. I would object to this title, but it is quite accurate. So, here are some of the things I like playing with in python. None of these are actually breaking the language, just little known facts and syntax. At some point I will share about actually breaking the language. For now, enjoy the weird things I have found over the past 6 years.

+ +

Type hints

+

A little known feature of python is called “type hinting” (PEP 484). This is actually quite common to see in standard libraries, and has it’s own special syntax:

+
# Here is a regular function
+def meep(a, b):
+    return a*b^2
+
+# This function has no real reason to exsist, and is lacking any sort of documentation.
+# Let's add a docstring to explain what it does
+
+def meep(a, b):
+    """ This function returns the result of a times b squared """
+    return a*b^2
+
+# Ok. The docstring explains the function, but is not too helpful 
+# what are a and b? what does this return? 
+# For all we know, a could actually be a string (in which case, this function would return a string)
+# Let's fix that up with a type hint
+
+def meep(a: int, b: int):
+    """ This function returns the result of a times b squared """
+    return a*b^2
+
+# Thanks to the :int (called a type hint in case you didn't notice that yet), we now know that this function expects two ints.
+# Now, to finish this up with a secondary type hint to specify the return type
+def meep(a: int, b: int) -> int:
+    """ This function returns the result of a times b squared """
+    return a*b^2
+
+# There. Now we can clearly see that this function takes too ints, and returns one int. 
+# If only this was a requirement in the language. So many headaches could be solved.
+
+ +

Now, keep in mind that this is called a type hint. The python compiler (yes.. Give me a second for that one) does not actually care if you obey the hint or not. Feel free to send incorrect data into a hinted function and see what you can break. Critical functions should both hint and check the data types being provided.

+ +

Type declarations

+

Just like type hints for functions, python has hints for variables too.

+
# A regular variable. Must be declared with an initial value
+my_state = None
+
+# my_state is None, as it has not been set, but needs to exist.
+# Let's assume that my_state is to be a state:
+class State:
+    status = False
+    def toggle(self):
+        self.status != self.status
+
+# Finally, its time to set the state to something useful
+my_state = State()
+my_state.toggle()
+
+# Ok.. I hate this. Let's start by using type declarations first
+# Any variable can be un-initialized and just have a type. Like so:
+my_state: State
+
+# This works for anything
+is_alive: bool
+age: int
+name: str
+
+# Now, with this new knowledge, let's rewrite State
+class State:
+    status: bool
+    def toggle(self: State) -> None:
+        self.status != self.status
+
+# And initialize my_state with slightly different syntax
+my_state = State(status=True)
+
+ +

I have not found much use for this yet. Hopefully there is something cool to use it for.

+ +

One-line functions

+

This is more common knowlage. A function can be declared in one line

+
# Here is an adder function
+def adder1(a:int, b:int) -> int:
+    return a+b
+
+# Here is a one-line adder function
+adder2 = lambda a,b : a+b
+
+# State from above can be compacted further:
+class State:
+    status: bool
+    toggle = lambda self: self.status != self.status
+
+ +

Ternary operations

+

On the trend of one-line code, We have the one-line if/else, also known as a Ternary in more sensible languages.

+
# Here is an if/else
+if 100 is 5:
+    print("The world has ended")
+else:
+    print("All is good")
+
+# Here is a smaller if/else
+print("The world has ended" if 100 is 5 else "All is good")
+
+ +

Compiled python

+

This one is interesting. Python, like Java, is compiled into bytecode. So yes, it technically is a compiled language. To see said bytecode, take a look at any .pyc file sitting in your __pycache__

+ +

Blog formatting experiments

+

I am still playing with post formats, and various types of content. This is more random than I usually prefer. Let me know your thoughts on the social media platform of your choosing.

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/07/01/devdns.html b/_site/blog/2019/07/01/devdns.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4f2f8dc --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/07/01/devdns.html @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

devDNS

+

The DNS over devRant service

+
+

2019-07-01 18:13:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

Over the past year and a half, I have been hacking my way around the undocumented devRant auth/write API. At the request of devRant’s creators, this API must not be documented due to the way logins work on the platform. That is besides the point. I have been working on a little project called devDNS over the past few days that uses this undocumented API. Why must I be so bad at writing intros?

+ +

What is devDNS

+

devDNS is a devRant bot written in python. It will serve any valid DNS query from any user on the platform. A query is just a comment in one of the following forms:

+
@devDNS example.com
+
+

or

+
@devDNS MX example.com
+
+

Of course, MX and example.com are to be replaced with the domain and entry of your choosing.

+ +

devDNS was inspired by @1111Resolver, and the source is available on GitHub.

+ +

How it works

+

The Python script behind devDNS is very simple. devDNS does the following every 10 seconds:

+
    +
  • Fetch all new notifs
    • +
  • Find only mentions
    • +
  • Spin off a thread for each mention that passes a basic parser (Is the message 2 or 3 words long)
    • +
  • In the thread, check if the message is a control message (allows me to view the status of the bot via devRant)
    • +
  • Check if the request matches a required pattern
    • +
  • Call dnspython with requested record and domain
    • +
  • Receive answer from a custom PIHole server with caching and super low latency
    • +
  • Send a comment with the results to the requester
    • +
+ +

Thats it! Super simple, and only two days from concept to reality.

+ +

Where is this hosted?

+

This program is hosted on a raspberry pi laying in my room running docker. I also have Portainer set up so I can easily monitor the bot from my phone over my VPN.

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/07/06/scrapingfrcgithub.html b/_site/blog/2019/07/06/scrapingfrcgithub.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..22047d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/07/06/scrapingfrcgithub.html @@ -0,0 +1,231 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

Scraping FRC team's GitHub accounts to gather large amounts of data

+

There are a lot of teams...

+
+

2019-07-06 11:08:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

I was curious about the most used languages for FRC, so I build a Python script to find out what they where.

+ +

Some basic data

+

Before we get to the heavy work done by my script, let’s start with some general data.

+ +

Thanks to the TBA API, I know that there are 6917 registered teams. 492 of them have registered at least one account on GitHub.

+ +

How the script works

+

The script is split into steps:

+
    +
  • Get a list of every registered team
    • +
  • Check for a github account attached to every registered team +
      +
    • If a team has an account, it is added to the dataset
      • +
    +
    • +
  • Load each github profile +
      +
    • If it is a private account, move on
      • +
    • Use Regex to find all languages used
      • +
    +
    • +
  • Compile data and sort
    • +
+ +

Getting a list of accounts

+

This is probably the simplest step in the whole process. I used the auto-generated tbaapiv3client python library’s get_teams_keys(key) function, and kept incrementing key until I got an empty array. All returned data was then added together into a big list of team keys.

+ +

Checking for a team’s github account

+

The TBA API helpfully provides a /api/v3/team/<number>/social_media API endpoint that will give the GitHub username for any team you request. (or nothing if they don’t use github)

+ +

A for loop on this with a list of every team number did the trick for finding accounts.

+ +

Fetching language info

+

To remove the need for an Oauth login to use the script, GitHub data is retrieved using standard HTTPS requests instead of AJAX requests to the API. This gets around the tiny rate limit, but takes a bit longer to complete.

+ +

To check for language usage, a simple Regex pattern can be used: /programmingLanguage"\>(.*)\</gm

+ +

When combined with an re.findall(), this pattern will return a list of all recent languages used by a team.

+ +

Data saves / backup solution

+

To deal with the fact that large amounts of data are being requested, and people might want to pause the script, I have created a system to allow for “savestates”.

+ +

On launch of the script, it will check for a ./data.json file. If this does not exist, one will be created. Otherwise, the contents will be read. This file contains both all the saved data, and some counters.

+ +

Each stage of the script contains a counter, and will increment the counter every time a team has been processed. This way, if the script is stopped and restarted, the parsers will just keep working from where they left off. This was very helpful when writing the script as, I needed to stop and start it every time I needed to implement a new feature.

+ +

All parsing data is saved to the json file every time the script completes, or it detects a SIGKILL.

+ +

What I learned

+

After letting the script run for about an hour, I got a bunch of data from every registered team.

+ +

This data includes every project (both on and offseason) from each team, so teams that build t-shirt cannons using the CTRE HERO, would have C# in their list of languages. Things like that.

+ +

Unsurprisingly, by far the most popular programming language is Java, with 3232 projects. These projects where all mostly, or entirely written in Java. Next up, we have C++ with 725 projects, and Python with 468 projects.

+ +

After Java, C++, and Python, we start running in to languages used for dashboards, design, lessons, and offseason projects. Before I get to everything else, here is the usage of the rest of the valid languages for FRC robots:

+
    +
  • C (128)
    • +
  • LabView (153)
    • +
  • Kotlin (96)
    • +
  • Rust (4)
    • +
+ +

Now, the rest of the languages below Python:

+
295 occurrences of JavaScript
+153 occurrences of LabVIEW
+128 occurrences of C
+96 occurrences of Kotlin
+72 occurrences of Arduino
+71 occurrences of C#
+69 occurrences of CSS
+54 occurrences of PHP
+40 occurrences of Shell
+34 occurrences of Ruby
+16 occurrences of Swift
+16 occurrences of Jupyter Notebook
+15 occurrences of Scala
+12 occurrences of D
+12 occurrences of TypeScript
+9 occurrences of Dart
+8 occurrences of Processing
+7 occurrences of CoffeeScript
+6 occurrences of Go
+6 occurrences of Groovy
+6 occurrences of Objective-C
+4 occurrences of Rust
+3 occurrences of MATLAB
+3 occurrences of R
+1 occurrences of Visual Basic
+1 occurrences of Clojure
+1 occurrences of Cuda
+
+ +

I have removed markup and shell languages from that list because most of them are probably auto-generated.

+ +

In terms of github account names, 133 teams follow FRC convention and use a username starting with frc, followed by their team number, 95 teams use team then their number, and 264 teams use something else.

+ +

Using the script

+

This script is not on PYPI this time. You can obtain a copy from my GitHub repo: https://github.com/Ewpratten/frc-code-stats

+ +

First, make sure both python3.7 and python3-pip are installed on your computer. Next, delete the data.json file. Then, install the requirements with pip3 install -r requirements.txt. Finally, run with python3 main.py to start the script. Now, go outside and enjoy nature for about an hour, and your data should be loaded!.

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/07/13/lookback-gmad.html b/_site/blog/2019/07/13/lookback-gmad.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a297ede --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/07/13/lookback-gmad.html @@ -0,0 +1,152 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

Taking a look back at GMAD

+

Fun, Simple, and Quick

+
+

2019-07-13 10:43:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

One day, back in June of 2018, I was both looking for a new project to work on, and trying to decide which Linux distro to install on one of my computers. From this, a little project was born. Give Me a Distro (or, GMAD, as I like to call it) is a little website that chooses a random distribution of Linux and shows a description of what you are about to get yourself into, and a download link for the latest ISO.

+ +

Backend tech

+

This is one of the simplest projects I have ever made. All the backend does is:

+
    +
  • Select a random number (n)
    • +
  • Fetch the nth item from a list of distros
    • +
  • Push the selected data to the user via DOM
    • +
+ +

Frontend

+

This website is just plain HTML and CSS3, built without any CSS framework.

+ +

My regrets

+

There are two things I do not like about this project. Firstly, on load, the site breifly suggests Arch Linux before flashing to the random selection. This is due to the fact that Arch is the default for people with Javascript disabled. Some kind of loading animation would fix this.

+ +

Secondly, the version of the site hosted on retrylife.ca is actually just an iframe to ewpratten.github.io due to some CNAME issues.

+ +

Contributing

+

If you would like to add a distro or three to the website, feel free to make a pull request over on GitHub.

+ +

Why make a post about it a year later?

+

I just really enjoyed working with the project and sharing it with friends, so I figured I should mention it here too. Maybe it will inspire someone to make something cool!

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/07/15/mindmap.html b/_site/blog/2019/07/15/mindmap.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..272a299 --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/07/15/mindmap.html @@ -0,0 +1,244 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

Mind map generation with Python

+

Step 1

+
+

2019-07-15 14:38:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

While working on an assignment with Coggle today, I noticed an interesting option in the save menu. Download as .mm file. Having rarely worked with mind maps before, and only doing it online, it never occured to me that someone would have a file format for it. So I took a look.

+ +

What is a .mm file?

+

It turns out, a .mm file is just some XML describing the mind map. Here is a simple mind map:

+ +

Simple Mind Map

+ +

And again as a .mm file:

+ +
<map version="0.9.0">
+    <node TEXT="Master Node" FOLDED="false" POSITION="right" ID="5d2d02b1a315dd0879f48c1c" X_COGGLE_POSX="0" X_COGGLE_POSY="0">
+        <edge COLOR="#b4b4b4"/>
+        <font NAME="Helvetica" SIZE="17"/>
+        <node TEXT="Child branch" FOLDED="false" POSITION="right" ID="f72704969525d2a0333dd635">
+            <edge COLOR="#7aa3e5"/>
+            <font NAME="Helvetica" SIZE="15"/>
+            <node TEXT="Children 1" FOLDED="false" POSITION="right" ID="c83826af506cae6e55761d5c">
+                <edge COLOR="#7ea7e5"/>
+                <font NAME="Helvetica" SIZE="13"/>
+            </node>
+            <node TEXT="Children 2" FOLDED="false" POSITION="right" ID="47723a4d0fb766863f70d204">
+                <edge COLOR="#82aae7"/>
+                <font NAME="Helvetica" SIZE="13"/>
+            </node>
+        </node>
+    </node>
+</map>
+
+ +

Neat, right?

+ +

What can we do with it?

+

I have not done much research about this because I wanted to work all of this out on my own. But I know one thing as a fact: working with XML sucks (especially in Python). I decided that this would be much better if I could load .mm files as JSON. This would allow easy manipulation and some cool projects.

+ +

My script

+

Like everything I do, I made a script to play with these files.

+ +

It’s pretty simple. First, It loads a .mm file, then parses it into a list of xml.etree.ElementTree.Element.

+ +
raw_mm = ""
+
+with open(args.file, "r") as fp:
+    raw_mm = fp.read()
+    fp.close()
+
+xml = ET.fromstring(raw_mm)
+
+ +

The parsed list is then passed into a recursive function that constructs a dict

+ +
def xmlToDict(xml):
+    output = []
+    for elem in list(xml):
+
+        if "TEXT" not in elem.attrib:
+            continue
+        
+        name = elem.attrib['TEXT']
+        json_element = {"name": name}
+
+        try:            
+            json_element["children"] = xmlToDict(elem)
+        except:
+            continue
+        
+        # Detect node type
+        if json_element["children"]:
+            json_element["type"] = "branch"
+        else:
+            json_element["type"] = "leaf"
+            del json_element["children"]
+        
+        output.append(json_element)
+    
+    return output
+
+ +

Finally, the dict is written to a file with json.dump

+ +
json.dump(mind_map, open(args.file + ".json", "w"))
+
+ +

The whole script (with comments) can be found on my GitHub account.

+ +

The output

+

Running the .mm file from above through the script gives:

+ +
[
+    {
+        "name":"Master Node",
+        "children":[
+            {
+                "name":"Child branch",
+                "children":[
+                    {
+                        "name":"Children 1",
+                        "type":"leaf"
+                    },
+                    {
+                        "name":"Children 2",
+                        "type":"leaf"
+                    }
+                ],
+                "type":"branch"
+            }
+        ],
+        "type":"branch"
+    }
+]
+
+ +

The next step

+

This script just translates a .mm file to JSON. Nothing else. Next, I want to convert this to a library, and add a JSON to .mm function as well. This leads into my ultimate goal for this project.

+ +

I want a script that I can drop in the root of any project to build a Gource-style visualization of the folder structure. This will give me a way to make cool visualizations for lessons on the robotics team.

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/08/10/why-i-carry-nfc.html b/_site/blog/2019/08/10/why-i-carry-nfc.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2749e59 --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/08/10/why-i-carry-nfc.html @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

My weird piece of EDC

+

Reasons why I always carry NFC cards with me

+
+

2019-08-10 16:57:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

Im back with a quick little post about something I cary with me everywhere I go, EDC (Every-Day Carry) if you will.

+ +

How this started

+

Earlier this year, my friend @retrax24 showed me a piece of “fake ID” he was given as a joke. After some experimentation, he noticed that, upon tapping it to his phone, he would get an error message about an un-formatted card.

+ +

After hearing of this, I opened up NFC Tools on my phone and started playing. We had quite some fun with various settings and data, and I decided that I wanted a card too. I send a message to someone that I knew worked with these, and got myself 4 to play with.

+ +

Shenanigans

+

Upon figuring out how to write to @retrax24’s card, we started out simple. We sent bits of text to eachother, and I eventually sent him a copy of my contact information, and bitcoin address. Then, came the real fun..

+ +

By setting the data type to external link, and the content to this totally not suspicious URL, we now had the perfect tool for derailing a lesson. An automatic Rick Roll card. Upon tapping this card to a phone, the youtube app would auto-play Rick Astley’s Never Gonna Give You Up. After this discovery, people started asking to buy pre-configured cards from me :laughing:.

+ +

After this came even more fun ideas:

+
    +
  • Enabling flashlights
    • +
  • Rebooting phones
    • +
  • Calling phone numbers
    • +
  • Sending texts
    • +
  • Filling phones with fake contacts
    • +
+ +

Practical use

+

I don’t actually carry my cards around for messing with people but instead, use them for things like:

+
    +
  • Cloning hotel access cards (being in a room of 4 with only 2 cards)
    • +
  • Creating login cards for school printers (so I don’t have to log in manually)
    • +
  • Sharing small amounts of data and links between phones
    • +
  • Giving my contact info to people
    • +
+ +

Thanks to the NFC Tools app, pretty much everything is 3 taps and a swipe away. I strongly recommend picking up some cards for yourself if wou work with a large number of NFC-compatible systems.

+ +

A/N

+

Occasionally, I either have nothing in the works, or am working on some very boring and technical projects, so I look to post some fun content like this. Currently the latter of the options is true, and I wanted a quick break from writing networking code.

+ +

Let me know what you think of this type of content!

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/2019/08/12/setting-up-ja.html b/_site/blog/2019/08/12/setting-up-ja.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6c9ff0d --- /dev/null +++ b/_site/blog/2019/08/12/setting-up-ja.html @@ -0,0 +1,203 @@ + + Evan Pratten + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + +
+
+

How I set up ひらがな input on my laptop

+

I3wm makes everything 10x harder than it should be

+
+

2019-08-12 15:40:00 -0400

+ +
+ +

I am currently working with ひらがな, かたかな, and, かんじ in some projects, and needed a more reliable way to write than running some romaji through an online translator. So, this post will detail what I did to enable native inputs on my laptop. This guide is specifically for i3wm, because it does not obey system settings for languages and inputs.

+ +

Adding font support to Linux

+

Firstly, we need fonts. Depending on your system, these may already be installed. For Japanese, I only used vlgothic, so here in the package for it:

+
sudo apt install fonts-vlgothic
+
+ +

Language support

+

Im not sure if this matters, but I have seen other people do it, so why not be safe?

+ +

I am currently running a stock Ubuntu 18.04 base, which means that everything is pre-configured for Gnome. To set language support in Gnome, pull up the settings panel:

+
# This line fixes some compatibility issues between 
+# Gnome and I3 when launching the settings menu. 
+# I recommend aliasing it.
+env XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP=GNOME gnome-control-center
+
+ +

Gnome language settings

+ +

Next, go to Settings > Language and Region > Input Sources, and click on Manage Installed Languages. +This will bring up a window where you can select a new language to install. From here, I clicked on Install / Remove Language.

+ +

Language installation panel

+ +

In this list, I just selected the languages I wanted (English and Japanese), and applied my changes. You may be asked to enter your password while installing the new languages. Once installation is complete, log out, and in again.

+ +

With the new language support installed, return to the Input Sources settings, and press the + button to add a new language. From here, search the language you want (it may be under Other) and select it. For Japanese, select the mozc variant.

+ +

Gnome’s language settings are now configured. If you are using Gnome (not I3), you can stop here.

+ +

Configuring ibus

+

Don’t get me wrong, I love I3wm, but sometimes it’s configurability drives me crazy.

+ +

After searching through various forums and wikis looking for an elegant way to switch languages in I3, I found a link to an ArchWiki page at the bottom of a mailing list (I blame Google for not showing this sooner). It turns out that a program called ibus is exactly what I needed. Here is how to set it up:

+ +

Remember mozc from above? If you are not using it, this package may not work. Search for the appropriate ibus- package for your selected language(s).

+
# Install ibus-mozc for Japanese (mozc)
+sudo apt install ibus-mozc
+
+ +

Now that ibus is installed, run the setup script:

+
ibus-setup
+
+ +

Ibus settings

+ +

From here, set your shortcut to something not used by I3 (I chose CTRL+Shift+Space, but most people prefer Alt+Space), and enable the system tray icon. +Now, go to the Input Method settings.

+ +

Ibus input settings

+ +

From here, press the +, and add your language(s).

+ +

Configuring .profile

+

According to the Wiki page, I needed to add the following to my ~/.profile:

+
# Language support
+export GTK_IM_MODULE=ibus
+export XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus
+export QT_IM_MODULE=ibus
+ibus-daemon -d -x
+
+ +

It turns out that this causes issues with some browsers, so I actually put this in my ~/.profile instead:

+
# Language support
+export GTK_IM_MODULE=xim
+export XMODIFIERS=@im=ibus
+export QT_IM_MODULE=xim
+ibus-daemon -drx
+
+ +

Now, log out and in again to let ibus properly start again, and there should now be a new applet in your bar for language settings.

+ +

Workflow

+

ibus runs in the background and will show an indication of your selected language upon pressing the keyboard shortcut set in the setup tool. For languages like Japanese, where it’s writing systems do not use the English / Latin-based alphabets, ibus will automatically convert your words as you type (this behavior will be different from language to language).

+ +

An example of this is as follows. I want to write the word Computer in Japanese (Katakana to be exact). I would switch to mozc input, and start typing the romaji word for computer, Pasokon. This will automatically be converted to Hiragana, ぱそこん. Computer is not a word that one would write in Hiragana as far as I know, so Katakana would be a better choice. To convert this word, I just press Space (This is indicated in the bottom left of my screen by ibus), and I now have パソコン, the Katakana word for Computer!

+ +
+ +

After Note: Languages

+

In case you can’t tell, English is my native language. If I messed up my spelling or context with the small amount of Japanese in this post, let me know!

+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/blog/index.html b/_site/blog/index.html index 04a09e7..f6d4df2 100644 --- a/_site/blog/index.html +++ b/_site/blog/index.html @@ -51,6 +51,281 @@ + + +
+
+
+ Featured Post +
+
+
How I set up ひらがな input on my laptop
+

I3wm makes everything 10x harder than it should be

+ View +
+
+
+
+
+ Other Posts + + + + + + + + +
+
My weird piece of EDC
+ +
+

Reasons why I always carry NFC cards with me

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
Mind map generation with Python
+ +
+

Step 1

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
Taking a look back at GMAD
+ +
+

Fun, Simple, and Quick

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
Scraping FRC team's GitHub accounts to gather large amounts of data
+ +
+

There are a lot of teams...

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
devDNS
+ +
+

The DNS over devRant service

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
I had some fun with a router
+ +
+

cleartext passwords + external management = death wish

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
Hunting snakes with a shotgun
+ +
+

Python is a little too forgiving

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
BashSmash
+ +
+

A tool for driving people crazy

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
The language hunt: Part 2
+ +
+

A quick followup

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
I gave Google's CTF a short try and learned a thing or two
+ +
+

But exams got in the way and took all the fun

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
What I have learned from 2 years of FRC programming
+ +
+

Robots are pretty cool

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
I made a new song!
+ +
+

Releasing a new song with friends at school

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
Graphing the relation between wheels and awards for FRC
+ +
+

AKA. Why programmer + reddit + matplotlib is a bad idea.

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
GitHub's CSS is boring. So I refreshed the design
+ +
+

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
Building a safe and easy system for sending computer vision data from a raspberry pi to a roborio
+ +
+

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
The language hunt
+ +
+

+ + + + + + + + + + +
+
Using a python script to create devRant posts based on the style and content of another user
+ +
+

if/else ++

+ + + + +
@@ -66,7 +341,7 @@ Site design by: Evan Pratten | - This site was last updated at: 2019-08-17 12:03:52 -0400 + This site was last updated at: 2019-08-21 12:48:55 -0400 @@ -107,13 +382,21 @@ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/documentation.html b/_site/documentation.html index 1f3fc47..ac6ab27 100644 --- a/_site/documentation.html +++ b/_site/documentation.html @@ -40,15 +40,6 @@ Documentation - - -
-
devRant API Documentation
-
-

An unofficial page all about the devRant API

- - - @@ -64,7 +55,7 @@ Site design by: Evan Pratten | - This site was last updated at: 2019-08-17 12:03:52 -0400 + This site was last updated at: 2019-08-21 12:48:55 -0400 @@ -105,13 +96,21 @@ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/feed.xml b/_site/feed.xml index aa62d05..a510ffa 100644 --- a/_site/feed.xml +++ b/_site/feed.xml @@ -1 +1,652 @@ -Jekyll2019-08-17T12:03:52-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/feed.xmlEvan PrattenComputer wizard, student, <a href="https://frc5024.github.io">@frc5024</a> programming team lead, and radio enthusiast. \ No newline at end of file +Jekyll2019-08-21T12:48:55-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/feed.xmlEvan PrattenComputer wizard, student, <a href="https://frc5024.github.io">@frc5024</a> programming team lead, and radio enthusiast.How I set up ひらがな input on my laptop2019-08-12T15:40:00-04:002019-08-12T15:40:00-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/blog/2019/08/12/Setting-up-JA<p>I am currently working with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana">ひらがな</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana">かたかな</a>, and, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanji">かんじ</a> in some projects, and needed a more reliable way to write than running some <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese">romaji</a> through an online translator. So, this post will detail what I did to enable native inputs on my laptop. This guide is specifically for <a href="https://i3wm.org/">i3wm</a>, because it does not obey system settings for languages and inputs.</p> + +<h2 id="adding-font-support-to-linux">Adding font support to Linux</h2> +<p>Firstly, we need fonts. Depending on your system, these may already be installed. For Japanese, I only used <code class="highlighter-rouge">vlgothic</code>, so here in the package for it:</p> +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install fonts-vlgothic +</code></pre></div></div> + +<h2 id="language-support">Language support</h2> +<p>Im not sure if this matters, but I have seen other people do it, so why not be safe?</p> + +<p>I am currently running a stock Ubuntu <a href="">18.04</a> base, which means that everything is pre-configured for Gnome. To set language support in Gnome, pull up the settings panel:</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># This line fixes some compatibility issues between </span> +<span class="c"># Gnome and I3 when launching the settings menu. </span> +<span class="c"># I recommend aliasing it.</span> +<span class="nb">env </span><span class="nv">XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP</span><span class="o">=</span>GNOME gnome-control-center +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p><img src="/assets/images/language-settings.png" alt="Gnome language settings" /></p> + +<p>Next, go to <em>Settings &gt; Language and Region &gt; Input Sources</em>, and click on <em>Manage Installed Languages</em>. +This will bring up a window where you can select a new language to install. From here, I clicked on <em>Install / Remove Language</em>.</p> + +<p><img src="/assets/images/language-installation.png" alt="Language installation panel" /></p> + +<p>In this list, I just selected the languages I wanted (English and Japanese), and applied my changes. You may be asked to enter your password while installing the new languages. Once installation is complete, log out, and in again.</p> + +<p>With the new language support installed, return to the <em>Input Sources</em> settings, and press the <code class="highlighter-rouge">+</code> button to add a new language. From here, search the language you want (it may be under <em>Other</em>) and select it. For Japanese, select the <code class="highlighter-rouge">mozc</code> variant.</p> + +<p>Gnome’s language settings are now configured. If you are using Gnome (not I3), you can stop here.</p> + +<h2 id="configuring-ibus">Configuring ibus</h2> +<p>Don’t get me wrong, I love I3wm, but sometimes it’s configurability drives me crazy.</p> + +<p>After searching through various forums and wikis looking for an elegant way to switch languages in I3, I found a link to an <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/IBus">ArchWiki page</a> at the bottom of a mailing list (I blame Google for not showing this sooner). It turns out that a program called <code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus</code> is exactly what I needed. Here is how to set it up:</p> + +<p>Remember <code class="highlighter-rouge">mozc</code> from above? If you are not using it, this package may not work. Search for the appropriate <code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus-</code> package for your selected language(s).</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># Install ibus-mozc for Japanese (mozc)</span> +<span class="nb">sudo </span>apt <span class="nb">install </span>ibus-mozc +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Now that <code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus</code> is installed, run the setup script:</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>ibus-setup +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p><img src="/assets/images/ibus-general.png" alt="Ibus settings" /></p> + +<p>From here, set your shortcut to something not used by I3 (I chose <code class="highlighter-rouge">CTRL+Shift+Space</code>, but most people prefer <code class="highlighter-rouge">Alt+Space</code>), and enable the system tray icon. +Now, go to the <em>Input Method</em> settings.</p> + +<p><img src="/assets/images/ibus-input.png" alt="Ibus input settings" /></p> + +<p>From here, press the <code class="highlighter-rouge">+</code>, and add your language(s).</p> + +<h2 id="configuring-profile">Configuring .profile</h2> +<p>According to the Wiki page, I needed to add the following to my <code class="highlighter-rouge">~/.profile</code>:</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># Language support</span> +<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">GTK_IM_MODULE</span><span class="o">=</span>ibus +<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">XMODIFIERS</span><span class="o">=</span>@im<span class="o">=</span>ibus +<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">QT_IM_MODULE</span><span class="o">=</span>ibus +ibus-daemon <span class="nt">-d</span> <span class="nt">-x</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>It turns out that this <a href="https://github.com/ibus/ibus/issues/2020">causes issues with some browsers</a>, so I actually put <em>this</em> in my <code class="highlighter-rouge">~/.profile</code> instead:</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># Language support</span> +<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">GTK_IM_MODULE</span><span class="o">=</span>xim +<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">XMODIFIERS</span><span class="o">=</span>@im<span class="o">=</span>ibus +<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">QT_IM_MODULE</span><span class="o">=</span>xim +ibus-daemon <span class="nt">-drx</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Now, log out and in again to let ibus properly start again, and there should now be a new applet in your bar for language settings.</p> + +<h2 id="workflow">Workflow</h2> +<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus</code> runs in the background and will show an indication of your selected language upon pressing the keyboard shortcut set in the <a href="#configuring-ibus">setup tool</a>. For languages like Japanese, where it’s writing systems do not use the English / Latin-based alphabets, <code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus</code> will automatically convert your words as you type (this behavior will be different from language to language).</p> + +<p>An example of this is as follows. I want to write the word <em>Computer</em> in Japanese (Katakana to be exact). I would switch to <code class="highlighter-rouge">mozc</code> input, and start typing the romaji word for computer, <em>Pasokon</em>. This will automatically be converted to Hiragana, <em>ぱそこん</em>. <em>Computer</em> is not a word that one would write in Hiragana as far as I know, so Katakana would be a better choice. To convert this word, I just press <code class="highlighter-rouge">Space</code> (This is indicated in the bottom left of my screen by <code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus</code>), and I now have <em>パソコン</em>, the Katakana word for <em>Computer</em>!</p> + +<hr /> + +<h4 id="after-note-languages">After Note: Languages</h4> +<p>In case you can’t tell, English is my native language. If I messed up my spelling or context with the small amount of Japanese in this post, <a href="/about#chat-with-me">let me know</a>!</p>I am currently working with ひらがな, かたかな, and, かんじ in some projects, and needed a more reliable way to write than running some romaji through an online translator. So, this post will detail what I did to enable native inputs on my laptop. This guide is specifically for i3wm, because it does not obey system settings for languages and inputs.My weird piece of EDC2019-08-10T16:57:00-04:002019-08-10T16:57:00-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/blog/2019/08/10/Why-I-Carry-NFC<p>Im back with a quick little post about something I cary with me everywhere I go, EDC (Every-Day Carry) if you will.</p> + +<h2 id="how-this-started">How this started</h2> +<p>Earlier this year, my friend @retrax24 showed me a piece of “fake ID” he was given as a joke. After some experimentation, he noticed that, upon tapping it to his phone, he would get an error message about an un-formatted card.</p> + +<p>After hearing of this, I opened up <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.wakdev.nfctools.pro">NFC Tools</a> on my phone and started playing. We had quite some fun with <a href="#shenanigans">various settings and data</a>, and I decided that I wanted a card too. I send a message to someone that I knew worked with these, and got myself 4 to play with.</p> + +<h2 id="shenanigans">Shenanigans</h2> +<p>Upon figuring out how to write to @retrax24’s card, we started out simple. We sent bits of text to eachother, and I eventually sent him a copy of my contact information, and bitcoin address. Then, came the real fun..</p> + +<p>By setting the data type to <code class="highlighter-rouge">external link</code>, and the content to <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ">this totally not suspicious URL</a>, we now had the perfect tool for derailing a lesson. An automatic <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rickrolling">Rick Roll</a> card. Upon tapping this card to a phone, the youtube app would auto-play <em>Rick Astley’s Never Gonna Give You Up</em>. After this discovery, people started asking to buy pre-configured cards from me :laughing:.</p> + +<p>After this came even more fun ideas:</p> +<ul> + <li>Enabling flashlights</li> + <li>Rebooting phones</li> + <li>Calling phone numbers</li> + <li>Sending texts</li> + <li>Filling phones with fake contacts</li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="practical-use">Practical use</h2> +<p>I don’t actually carry my cards around for messing with people but instead, use them for things like:</p> +<ul> + <li>Cloning hotel access cards (being in a room of 4 with only 2 cards)</li> + <li>Creating login cards for school printers (so I don’t have to log in manually)</li> + <li>Sharing small amounts of data and links between phones</li> + <li>Giving my contact info to people</li> +</ul> + +<p>Thanks to the NFC Tools app, pretty much everything is 3 taps and a swipe away. I strongly recommend picking up some cards for yourself if wou work with a large number of NFC-compatible systems.</p> + +<h2 id="an">A/N</h2> +<p>Occasionally, I either have nothing in the works, or am working on some very boring and technical projects, so I look to post some fun content like this. Currently the latter of the options is true, and I wanted a quick break from writing networking code.</p> + +<p>Let me know what you think of this type of content!</p>Im back with a quick little post about something I cary with me everywhere I go, EDC (Every-Day Carry) if you will.Mind map generation with Python2019-07-15T14:38:00-04:002019-07-15T14:38:00-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/blog/2019/07/15/MindMap<p>While working on an assignment with <a href="https://coggle.it">Coggle</a> today, I noticed an interesting option in the save menu. <em>Download as .mm file</em>. Having rarely worked with mind maps before, and only doing it online, it never occured to me that someone would have a file format for it. So I took a look.</p> + +<h2 id="what-is-a-mm-file">What is a .mm file?</h2> +<p>It turns out, a <code class="highlighter-rouge">.mm</code> file is just some XML describing the mind map. Here is a simple mind map:</p> + +<p><img src="/assets/images/mindmap-simple.png" alt="Simple Mind Map" /></p> + +<p>And again as a <code class="highlighter-rouge">.mm</code> file:</p> + +<div class="language-xml highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nt">&lt;map</span> <span class="na">version=</span><span class="s">"0.9.0"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;node</span> <span class="na">TEXT=</span><span class="s">"Master Node"</span> <span class="na">FOLDED=</span><span class="s">"false"</span> <span class="na">POSITION=</span><span class="s">"right"</span> <span class="na">ID=</span><span class="s">"5d2d02b1a315dd0879f48c1c"</span> <span class="na">X_COGGLE_POSX=</span><span class="s">"0"</span> <span class="na">X_COGGLE_POSY=</span><span class="s">"0"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;edge</span> <span class="na">COLOR=</span><span class="s">"#b4b4b4"</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;font</span> <span class="na">NAME=</span><span class="s">"Helvetica"</span> <span class="na">SIZE=</span><span class="s">"17"</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;node</span> <span class="na">TEXT=</span><span class="s">"Child branch"</span> <span class="na">FOLDED=</span><span class="s">"false"</span> <span class="na">POSITION=</span><span class="s">"right"</span> <span class="na">ID=</span><span class="s">"f72704969525d2a0333dd635"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;edge</span> <span class="na">COLOR=</span><span class="s">"#7aa3e5"</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;font</span> <span class="na">NAME=</span><span class="s">"Helvetica"</span> <span class="na">SIZE=</span><span class="s">"15"</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;node</span> <span class="na">TEXT=</span><span class="s">"Children 1"</span> <span class="na">FOLDED=</span><span class="s">"false"</span> <span class="na">POSITION=</span><span class="s">"right"</span> <span class="na">ID=</span><span class="s">"c83826af506cae6e55761d5c"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;edge</span> <span class="na">COLOR=</span><span class="s">"#7ea7e5"</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;font</span> <span class="na">NAME=</span><span class="s">"Helvetica"</span> <span class="na">SIZE=</span><span class="s">"13"</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;/node&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;node</span> <span class="na">TEXT=</span><span class="s">"Children 2"</span> <span class="na">FOLDED=</span><span class="s">"false"</span> <span class="na">POSITION=</span><span class="s">"right"</span> <span class="na">ID=</span><span class="s">"47723a4d0fb766863f70d204"</span><span class="nt">&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;edge</span> <span class="na">COLOR=</span><span class="s">"#82aae7"</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;font</span> <span class="na">NAME=</span><span class="s">"Helvetica"</span> <span class="na">SIZE=</span><span class="s">"13"</span><span class="nt">/&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;/node&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;/node&gt;</span> + <span class="nt">&lt;/node&gt;</span> +<span class="nt">&lt;/map&gt;</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Neat, right?</p> + +<h2 id="what-can-we-do-with-it">What can we do with it?</h2> +<p>I have not done much research about this because I wanted to work all of this out on my own. But I know one thing as a fact: working with XML sucks (especially in Python). I decided that this would be much better if I could load <code class="highlighter-rouge">.mm</code> files as JSON. This would allow easy manipulation and some cool projects.</p> + +<h2 id="my-script">My script</h2> +<p>Like everything I do, I made a script to play with these files.</p> + +<p>It’s pretty simple. First, It loads a <code class="highlighter-rouge">.mm</code> file, then parses it into a <code class="highlighter-rouge">list</code> of <code class="highlighter-rouge">xml.etree.ElementTree.Element</code>.</p> + +<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">raw_mm</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">""</span> + +<span class="k">with</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nb">file</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"r"</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="n">fp</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="n">raw_mm</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">()</span> + <span class="n">fp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">close</span><span class="p">()</span> + +<span class="n">xml</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ET</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">fromstring</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">raw_mm</span><span class="p">)</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>The parsed <code class="highlighter-rouge">list</code> is then passed into a recursive function that constructs a <code class="highlighter-rouge">dict</code></p> + +<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">xmlToDict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xml</span><span class="p">):</span> + <span class="n">output</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span> + <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">elem</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">list</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">xml</span><span class="p">):</span> + + <span class="k">if</span> <span class="s">"TEXT"</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">elem</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attrib</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="k">continue</span> + + <span class="n">name</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">elem</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">attrib</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">'TEXT'</span><span class="p">]</span> + <span class="n">json_element</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="p">}</span> + + <span class="k">try</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="n">json_element</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"children"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">xmlToDict</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">elem</span><span class="p">)</span> + <span class="k">except</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="k">continue</span> + + <span class="c1"># Detect node type +</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">json_element</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"children"</span><span class="p">]:</span> + <span class="n">json_element</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"type"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"branch"</span> + <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="n">json_element</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"type"</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s">"leaf"</span> + <span class="k">del</span> <span class="n">json_element</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="s">"children"</span><span class="p">]</span> + + <span class="n">output</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">json_element</span><span class="p">)</span> + + <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">output</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Finally, the <code class="highlighter-rouge">dict</code> is written to a file with <code class="highlighter-rouge">json.dump</code></p> + +<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="n">json</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">dump</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mind_map</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">open</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">args</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="nb">file</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="s">".json"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">"w"</span><span class="p">))</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>The whole script (with comments) can be found on my <a href="https://gist.github.com/Ewpratten/0d8f7c7371380c9ca8adcfc6502ccf84#file-parser-py">GitHub account</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="the-output">The output</h2> +<p>Running the <code class="highlighter-rouge">.mm</code> file from above through the script gives:</p> + +<div class="language-json highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="p">[</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nl">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"Master Node"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nl">"children"</span><span class="p">:[</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nl">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"Child branch"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nl">"children"</span><span class="p">:[</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nl">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"Children 1"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nl">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"leaf"</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">},</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">{</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nl">"name"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"Children 2"</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nl">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"leaf"</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nl">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"branch"</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">],</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="nl">"type"</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s2">"branch"</span><span class="w"> + </span><span class="p">}</span><span class="w"> +</span><span class="p">]</span><span class="w"> +</span></code></pre></div></div> + +<h2 id="the-next-step">The next step</h2> +<p>This script just translates a <code class="highlighter-rouge">.mm</code> file to JSON. Nothing else. Next, I want to convert this to a library, and add a JSON to <code class="highlighter-rouge">.mm</code> function as well. This leads into my ultimate goal for this project.</p> + +<p>I want a script that I can drop in the root of any project to build a <a href="https://gource.io/">Gource</a>-style visualization of the folder structure. This will give me a way to make cool visualizations for lessons on the robotics team.</p>While working on an assignment with Coggle today, I noticed an interesting option in the save menu. Download as .mm file. Having rarely worked with mind maps before, and only doing it online, it never occured to me that someone would have a file format for it. So I took a look.Taking a look back at GMAD2019-07-13T10:43:00-04:002019-07-13T10:43:00-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/blog/2019/07/13/Lookback-GMAD<p>One day, back in June of 2018, I was both looking for a new project to work on, and trying to decide which Linux distro to install on one of my computers. From this, a little project was born. <a href="/gmad">Give Me a Distro</a> (or, GMAD, as I like to call it) is a little website that chooses a random distribution of Linux and shows a description of what you are about to get yourself into, and a download link for the latest ISO.</p> + +<h2 id="backend-tech">Backend tech</h2> +<p>This is one of the simplest projects I have ever made. All the backend does is:</p> +<ul> + <li>Select a random number (n)</li> + <li>Fetch the nth item from a list of distros</li> + <li>Push the selected data to the user via DOM</li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="frontend">Frontend</h2> +<p>This website is just plain HTML and CSS3, built without any CSS framework.</p> + +<h2 id="my-regrets">My regrets</h2> +<p>There are two things I do not like about this project. Firstly, on load, the site breifly suggests Arch Linux before flashing to the random selection. This is due to the fact that Arch is the default for people with Javascript disabled. Some kind of loading animation would fix this.</p> + +<p>Secondly, the version of the site hosted on <a href="https://retrylife.ca/gmad">retrylife.ca</a> is actually just an iframe to <a href="https://ewpratten.github.io/GiveMeADistro">ewpratten.github.io</a> due to some CNAME issues.</p> + +<h2 id="contributing">Contributing</h2> +<p>If you would like to add a distro or three to the website, feel free to make a pull request over on <a href="https://github.com/Ewpratten/GiveMeADistro">GitHub</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="why-make-a-post-about-it-a-year-later">Why make a post about it a year later?</h2> +<p>I just really enjoyed working with the project and sharing it with friends, so I figured I should mention it here too. Maybe it will inspire someone to make something cool!</p>One day, back in June of 2018, I was both looking for a new project to work on, and trying to decide which Linux distro to install on one of my computers. From this, a little project was born. Give Me a Distro (or, GMAD, as I like to call it) is a little website that chooses a random distribution of Linux and shows a description of what you are about to get yourself into, and a download link for the latest ISO.Scraping FRC team’s GitHub accounts to gather large amounts of data2019-07-06T11:08:00-04:002019-07-06T11:08:00-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/blog/2019/07/06/ScrapingFRCGithub<p>I was curious about the most used languages for FRC, so I build a Python script to find out what they where.</p> + +<h2 id="some-basic-data">Some basic data</h2> +<p>Before we get to the heavy work done by my script, let’s start with some general data.</p> + +<p>Thanks to the <a href="https://www.thebluealliance.com/apidocs/v3">TBA API</a>, I know that there are 6917 registered teams. 492 of them have registered at least one account on GitHub.</p> + +<h2 id="how-the-script-works">How the script works</h2> +<p>The script is split into steps:</p> +<ul> + <li>Get a list of every registered team</li> + <li>Check for a github account attached to every registered team + <ul> + <li>If a team has an account, it is added to the dataset</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>Load each github profile + <ul> + <li>If it is a private account, move on</li> + <li>Use Regex to find all languages used</li> + </ul> + </li> + <li>Compile data and sort</li> +</ul> + +<h3 id="getting-a-list-of-accounts">Getting a list of accounts</h3> +<p>This is probably the simplest step in the whole process. I used the auto-generated <a href="https://github.com/TBA-API/tba-api-client-python">tbaapiv3client</a> python library’s <code class="highlighter-rouge">get_teams_keys(key)</code> function, and kept incrementing <code class="highlighter-rouge">key</code> until I got an empty array. All returned data was then added together into a big list of team keys.</p> + +<h3 id="checking-for-a-teams-github-account">Checking for a team’s github account</h3> +<p>The <a href="https://www.thebluealliance.com/apidocs/v3">TBA API</a> helpfully provides a <code class="highlighter-rouge">/api/v3/team/&lt;number&gt;/social_media</code> API endpoint that will give the GitHub username for any team you request. (or nothing if they don’t use github)</p> + +<p>A <code class="highlighter-rouge">for</code> loop on this with a list of every team number did the trick for finding accounts.</p> + +<h3 id="fetching-language-info">Fetching language info</h3> +<p>To remove the need for an Oauth login to use the script, GitHub data is retrieved using standard HTTPS requests instead of AJAX requests to the API. This gets around the tiny rate limit, but takes a bit longer to complete.</p> + +<p>To check for language usage, a simple Regex pattern can be used: <code class="highlighter-rouge">/programmingLanguage"\&gt;(.*)\&lt;/gm</code></p> + +<p>When combined with an <code class="highlighter-rouge">re.findall()</code>, this pattern will return a list of all recent languages used by a team.</p> + +<h3 id="data-saves--backup-solution">Data saves / backup solution</h3> +<p>To deal with the fact that large amounts of data are being requested, and people might want to pause the script, I have created a system to allow for “savestates”.</p> + +<p>On launch of the script, it will check for a <code class="highlighter-rouge">./data.json</code> file. If this does not exist, one will be created. Otherwise, the contents will be read. This file contains both all the saved data, and some counters.</p> + +<p>Each stage of the script contains a counter, and will increment the counter every time a team has been processed. This way, if the script is stopped and restarted, the parsers will just keep working from where they left off. This was very helpful when writing the script as, I needed to stop and start it every time I needed to implement a new feature.</p> + +<p>All parsing data is saved to the json file every time the script completes, or it detects a <code class="highlighter-rouge">SIGKILL</code>.</p> + +<h2 id="what-i-learned">What I learned</h2> +<p>After letting the script run for about an hour, I got a bunch of data from every registered team.</p> + +<p>This data includes every project (both on and offseason) from each team, so teams that build t-shirt cannons using the CTRE HERO, would have C# in their list of languages. Things like that.</p> + +<p>Unsurprisingly, by far the most popular programming language is Java, with 3232 projects. These projects where all mostly, or entirely written in Java. Next up, we have C++ with 725 projects, and Python with 468 projects.</p> + +<p>After Java, C++, and Python, we start running in to languages used for dashboards, design, lessons, and offseason projects. Before I get to everything else, here is the usage of the rest of the valid languages for FRC robots:</p> +<ul> + <li>C (128)</li> + <li>LabView (153)</li> + <li>Kotlin (96)</li> + <li>Rust (4)</li> +</ul> + +<p>Now, the rest of the languages below Python:</p> +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>295 occurrences of JavaScript +153 occurrences of LabVIEW +128 occurrences of C +96 occurrences of Kotlin +72 occurrences of Arduino +71 occurrences of C# +69 occurrences of CSS +54 occurrences of PHP +40 occurrences of Shell +34 occurrences of Ruby +16 occurrences of Swift +16 occurrences of Jupyter Notebook +15 occurrences of Scala +12 occurrences of D +12 occurrences of TypeScript +9 occurrences of Dart +8 occurrences of Processing +7 occurrences of CoffeeScript +6 occurrences of Go +6 occurrences of Groovy +6 occurrences of Objective-C +4 occurrences of Rust +3 occurrences of MATLAB +3 occurrences of R +1 occurrences of Visual Basic +1 occurrences of Clojure +1 occurrences of Cuda +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>I have removed markup and shell languages from that list because most of them are probably auto-generated.</p> + +<p>In terms of github account names, 133 teams follow FRC convention and use a username starting with <code class="highlighter-rouge">frc</code>, followed by their team number, 95 teams use <code class="highlighter-rouge">team</code> then their number, and 264 teams use something else.</p> + +<h2 id="using-the-script">Using the script</h2> +<p>This script is not on PYPI this time. You can obtain a copy from my GitHub repo: <a href="https://github.com/Ewpratten/frc-code-stats">https://github.com/Ewpratten/frc-code-stats</a></p> + +<p>First, make sure both <code class="highlighter-rouge">python3.7</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">python3-pip</code> are installed on your computer. Next, delete the <code class="highlighter-rouge">data.json</code> file. Then, install the requirements with <code class="highlighter-rouge">pip3 install -r requirements.txt</code>. Finally, run with <code class="highlighter-rouge">python3 main.py</code> to start the script. Now, go outside and enjoy nature for about an hour, and your data should be loaded!.</p>I was curious about the most used languages for FRC, so I build a Python script to find out what they where.devDNS2019-07-01T18:13:00-04:002019-07-01T18:13:00-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/blog/2019/07/01/devDNS<p>Over the past year and a half, I have been hacking my way around the undocumented <a href="https://devrant.com">devRant</a> auth/write API. At the request of devRant’s creators, this API must not be documented due to the way logins work on the platform. That is besides the point. I have been working on a little project called <a href="https://devrant.com/collabs/2163502">devDNS</a> over the past few days that uses this undocumented API. Why must I be so bad at writing intros?</p> + +<h2 id="what-is-devdns">What is devDNS</h2> +<p>devDNS is a devRant bot written in python. It will serve any valid DNS query from any user on the platform. A query is just a comment in one of the following forms:</p> +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>@devDNS example.com +</code></pre></div></div> +<p>or</p> +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>@devDNS MX example.com +</code></pre></div></div> +<p>Of course, <code class="highlighter-rouge">MX</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">example.com</code> are to be replaced with the domain and entry of your choosing.</p> + +<p>devDNS was inspired by <a href="https://twitter.com/1111resolver">@1111Resolver</a>, and the source is available on <a href="https://github.com/Ewpratten/devDNS">GitHub</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="how-it-works">How it works</h2> +<p>The Python script behind devDNS is very simple. devDNS does the following every 10 seconds:</p> +<ul> + <li>Fetch all new notifs</li> + <li>Find only mentions</li> + <li>Spin off a thread for each mention that passes a basic parser (Is the message 2 or 3 words long)</li> + <li>In the thread, check if the message is a control message (allows me to view the status of the bot via devRant)</li> + <li>Check if the request matches a required pattern</li> + <li>Call <code class="highlighter-rouge">dnspython</code> with requested record and domain</li> + <li>Receive answer from a custom <a href="https://pi-hole.net/">PIHole</a> server with caching and super low latency</li> + <li>Send a comment with the results to the requester</li> +</ul> + +<p>Thats it! Super simple, and only two days from concept to reality.</p> + +<h2 id="where-is-this-hosted">Where is this hosted?</h2> +<p>This program is hosted on a raspberry pi laying in my room running docker. I also have <a href="https://www.portainer.io/">Portainer</a> set up so I can easily monitor the bot from my phone over my VPN.</p>Over the past year and a half, I have been hacking my way around the undocumented devRant auth/write API. At the request of devRant’s creators, this API must not be documented due to the way logins work on the platform. That is besides the point. I have been working on a little project called devDNS over the past few days that uses this undocumented API. Why must I be so bad at writing intros?I had some fun with a router2019-06-27T13:16:00-04:002019-06-27T13:16:00-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/blog/2019/06/27/PWNlink<p>I was playing around with some D-link routers today and remembered an <a href="https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/33520">ExploitDB Entry</a> I read a while ago. Many D-link routers have a great feature that allows remote management and configuration queries. Interestingly, this cannot be disabled, and one of the pages contains a cleartext version of the admin password (yay!).</p> + +<h2 id="how-to-get-yourself-an-admin-password">How to get yourself an admin password</h2> +<p>On any supported router, make an HTTP request to <code class="highlighter-rouge">http://your.router.ip.addr/tools_admin.asp/</code>. This will return a pretty large XML file containing information about your router’s hardware and configuration.</p> + +<p>Notice the fact that you did not have to log in. This is due to the fact that this file seems to be used by a remote management service of some sort.</p> + +<p>The important thing to note here is that, when parsed with the regex pattern: <code class="highlighter-rouge">name="user_password_tmp" value="(.*)"&gt;</code>, you get a single string. This string is the admin password of the device.</p> + +<h2 id="supported-routers">Supported routers</h2> +<p>This is supported by many D-link routers. The ones I know about are:</p> +<ul> + <li>DIR-835</li> + <li>DIR-855L</li> + <li>DGL-5500</li> +</ul> + +<p>Some routers have this XML file, but it is restricted… By a user without a password. These are:</p> +<ul> + <li>DHP-1565</li> + <li>DIR-652</li> +</ul> + +<h2 id="pwnlink">PWNlink</h2> +<p>Like everything I play with, I made a script to do this all for me (and spent a large amount of time adding colours to the text).</p> + +<p>My script is called PWNlink (PWN + D-link), It automatically finds a router on your network by looking for a specific DNS entry created by many D-link routers, then checking your gateway. Next, PWNlink reads you router’s <code class="highlighter-rouge">hnap1</code> config to find it’s model number. If supported, the script will read and parse the appropriate configs to give you the admin credentials for your router.</p> + +<p>PWNlink can be installed on any *nix computer that has both <code class="highlighter-rouge">python3.7</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">python3-pip</code> installed. To install PWNlink, run:</p> +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>pip3 install pwnlink +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Run the script without any arguments for automatic detection, or pass any IP address to use manual detection.</p> + +<h2 id="disclamier-thingy">Disclamier thingy</h2> +<p>I don’t see much point to these, but I should probably put one anyways.</p> + +<p><strong>Don’t be dumb with this script.</strong></p> + +<p>I have only used it on my own (or 5024’s) routers, and did not create PWNlink with any malicious intent.</p>I was playing around with some D-link routers today and remembered an ExploitDB Entry I read a while ago. Many D-link routers have a great feature that allows remote management and configuration queries. Interestingly, this cannot be disabled, and one of the pages contains a cleartext version of the admin password (yay!).Hunting snakes with a shotgun2019-06-27T03:00:00-04:002019-06-27T03:00:00-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/blog/2019/06/27/Python<p>A rather large number of people know me as “the guy who does weird things with python”. I would object to this title, but it is quite accurate. So, here are some of the things I like playing with in python. None of these are actually breaking the language, just little known facts and syntax. At some point I will share about actually breaking the language. For now, enjoy the weird things I have found over the past 6 years.</p> + +<h2 id="type-hints">Type hints</h2> +<p>A little known feature of python is called “type hinting” (PEP 484). This is actually quite common to see in standard libraries, and has it’s own special syntax:</p> +<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1"># Here is a regular function +</span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">meep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">):</span> + <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">^</span><span class="mi">2</span> + +<span class="c1"># This function has no real reason to exsist, and is lacking any sort of documentation. +# Let's add a docstring to explain what it does +</span> +<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">meep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">):</span> + <span class="s">""" This function returns the result of a times b squared """</span> + <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">^</span><span class="mi">2</span> + +<span class="c1"># Ok. The docstring explains the function, but is not too helpful +# what are a and b? what does this return? +# For all we know, a could actually be a string (in which case, this function would return a string) +# Let's fix that up with a type hint +</span> +<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">meep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">):</span> + <span class="s">""" This function returns the result of a times b squared """</span> + <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">^</span><span class="mi">2</span> + +<span class="c1"># Thanks to the :int (called a type hint in case you didn't notice that yet), we now know that this function expects two ints. +# Now, to finish this up with a secondary type hint to specify the return type +</span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">meep</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="s">""" This function returns the result of a times b squared """</span> + <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">b</span><span class="o">^</span><span class="mi">2</span> + +<span class="c1"># There. Now we can clearly see that this function takes too ints, and returns one int. +# If only this was a requirement in the language. So many headaches could be solved. +</span></code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Now, keep in mind that this is called a type <em>hint</em>. The python compiler (yes.. Give me a second for that one) does not actually care if you obey the hint or not. Feel free to send incorrect data into a hinted function and see what you can break. Critical functions should both hint and check the data types being provided.</p> + +<h2 id="type-declarations">Type declarations</h2> +<p>Just like type hints for functions, python has hints for variables too.</p> +<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1"># A regular variable. Must be declared with an initial value +</span><span class="n">my_state</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">None</span> + +<span class="c1"># my_state is None, as it has not been set, but needs to exist. +# Let's assume that my_state is to be a state: +</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">State</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="n">status</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="bp">False</span> + <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">toggle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">):</span> + <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">status</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">status</span> + +<span class="c1"># Finally, its time to set the state to something useful +</span><span class="n">my_state</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">State</span><span class="p">()</span> +<span class="n">my_state</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">toggle</span><span class="p">()</span> + +<span class="c1"># Ok.. I hate this. Let's start by using type declarations first +# Any variable can be un-initialized and just have a type. Like so: +</span><span class="n">my_state</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">State</span> + +<span class="c1"># This works for anything +</span><span class="n">is_alive</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span> +<span class="n">age</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span> +<span class="n">name</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">str</span> + +<span class="c1"># Now, with this new knowledge, let's rewrite State +</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">State</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="n">status</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span> + <span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">toggle</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">State</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="bp">None</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">status</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">status</span> + +<span class="c1"># And initialize my_state with slightly different syntax +</span><span class="n">my_state</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">State</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">status</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="bp">True</span><span class="p">)</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>I have not found much use for this yet. Hopefully there is something cool to use it for.</p> + +<h2 id="one-line-functions">One-line functions</h2> +<p>This is more common knowlage. A function can be declared in one line</p> +<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1"># Here is an adder function +</span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">adder1</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">a</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">b</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">-&gt;</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">b</span> + +<span class="c1"># Here is a one-line adder function +</span><span class="n">adder2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="n">b</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">a</span><span class="o">+</span><span class="n">b</span> + +<span class="c1"># State from above can be compacted further: +</span><span class="k">class</span> <span class="nc">State</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="n">status</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">bool</span> + <span class="n">toggle</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">lambda</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">status</span> <span class="o">!=</span> <span class="bp">self</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">status</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<h2 id="ternary-operations">Ternary operations</h2> +<p>On the trend of one-line code, We have the one-line if/else, also known as a Ternary in more sensible languages.</p> +<div class="language-python highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c1"># Here is an if/else +</span><span class="k">if</span> <span class="mi">100</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="mi">5</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"The world has ended"</span><span class="p">)</span> +<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span> + <span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"All is good"</span><span class="p">)</span> + +<span class="c1"># Here is a smaller if/else +</span><span class="k">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">"The world has ended"</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="mi">100</span> <span class="ow">is</span> <span class="mi">5</span> <span class="k">else</span> <span class="s">"All is good"</span><span class="p">)</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<h2 id="compiled-python">Compiled python</h2> +<p>This one is interesting. Python, like Java, is compiled into bytecode. So yes, it technically is a compiled language. To see said bytecode, take a look at any <code class="highlighter-rouge">.pyc</code> file sitting in your <code class="highlighter-rouge">__pycache__</code></p> + +<h2 id="blog-formatting-experiments">Blog formatting experiments</h2> +<p>I am still playing with post formats, and various types of content. This is more random than I usually prefer. Let me know your thoughts on the social media platform of your choosing.</p>A rather large number of people know me as “the guy who does weird things with python”. I would object to this title, but it is quite accurate. So, here are some of the things I like playing with in python. None of these are actually breaking the language, just little known facts and syntax. At some point I will share about actually breaking the language. For now, enjoy the weird things I have found over the past 6 years.BashSmash2019-06-26T11:48:00-04:002019-06-26T11:48:00-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/blog/2019/06/26/BashSmash<p>I was watching this great <a href="https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&amp;rct=j&amp;q=&amp;esrc=s&amp;source=web&amp;cd=1&amp;cad=rja&amp;uact=8&amp;ved=2ahUKEwiOhNze_4fjAhUiB50JHR12D8AQwqsBMAB6BAgJEAQ&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D6D1LnMj0Yt0&amp;usg=AOvVaw2nOgft0SoPZujc9js9Vxhx">Liveoverflow video</a> yesterday, and really liked the idea of building escape sequences with strings. So, I built a new tool, <a href="https://pypi.org/project/bashsmash/">BashSmash</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="the-goal">The goal</h2> +<p>The goal of BashSmash is very similar to that described in Liveoverflow’s video. Do anything in bash without using any letters or numbers except <code class="highlighter-rouge">n</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">f</code> (he used <code class="highlighter-rouge">i</code> instead of <code class="highlighter-rouge">f</code>). This can both bypass shell injection filters, and generally mess with people.</p> + +<p>Saying “Hey, you should run:”</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>__<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="k">${#}</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="o">}</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="si">$(</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="si">$(</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="p">;</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Instead of:</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">sudo rm</span> <span class="nt">-rf</span> <span class="nt">--no-preserve--root</span> / +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Can usually get you much farther with your goal of world domination.</p> + +<h2 id="how-does-this-work">How does this work?</h2> +<p>BashSmash abuses bash wildcards, octal escape codes, and a large number of backslashes to obfuscate any valid shell script.</p> + +<p>Firstly, it is important to know that <code class="highlighter-rouge">printf</code> will gladly convert any octal to a string, and bash’s eval (<code class="highlighter-rouge">$()</code>) function will gladly run any string as a bash script. (See where this is going?)</p> + +<p>Because of these tools, we know that the following is possible:</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># Printf-ing a string will print the string</span> +<span class="nb">printf</span> <span class="s2">"hello"</span> <span class="c"># This will return hello</span> + +<span class="c"># Printf-ing a sequence of octal escapes will also print a string</span> +<span class="nb">printf</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">50</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">45</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">54</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">54</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">57"</span> <span class="c"># This will also return hello</span> + +<span class="c"># Eval-ing a printf of an octal escape sequence will build a string, then run it in bash</span> +<span class="si">$(</span><span class="nb">printf</span> <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">50</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">45</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">54</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">54</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">57"</span><span class="si">)</span> <span class="c"># This will warn that "hello" is not a valid command</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>This has some issues. You may have noticed that letters are required to spell <code class="highlighter-rouge">printf</code>, and numbers are needed for the octal escapes. Let’s start by fixing the letters problem.</p> + +<p>Bash allows wildcards. You may have run something like <code class="highlighter-rouge">cp ./foo/* ./bar</code> before. This uses the wildcard <code class="highlighter-rouge">*</code>. The <code class="highlighter-rouge">*</code> wildcard will be auto-evaluated to expand into a list of all files in it’s place.</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># Let's assume that ./foo contains the following files:</span> +<span class="c"># john.txt</span> +<span class="c"># carl.txt</span> + +<span class="c"># Running the following:</span> +<span class="nb">cat</span> ./foo/<span class="k">*</span> + +<span class="c"># Will automatically expand to:</span> +<span class="nb">cat</span> ./foo/john.txt ./foo/carl.txt + +<span class="c"># Now, lets assume that ./baz contains a single file:</span> +<span class="c"># KillHumans.sh</span> + +<span class="c"># Running:</span> +./baz/<span class="k">*</span> + +<span class="c"># Will execute KillHumans.sh</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Neat, Right? To take this a step further, you can use the second wildcard, <code class="highlighter-rouge">?</code>, to specify the number of characters you want to look for. Running <code class="highlighter-rouge">./baz/?</code> will not run <code class="highlighter-rouge">KillHumans.sh</code> because <code class="highlighter-rouge">KillHumans.sh</code> is not 1 char long. But <code class="highlighter-rouge">./baz/?????????????</code> will. This is messy, but it works.</p> + +<p>Now, back to our problem with <code class="highlighter-rouge">printf</code>. <code class="highlighter-rouge">printf</code> is located in <code class="highlighter-rouge">/usr/bin/printf</code> on all *nix systems. This is handy as, firstly, this can be wildcarded, and secondly, the path contains 2 <code class="highlighter-rouge">n</code>’s and an <code class="highlighter-rouge">f</code> (the two letters we are allowed to use). So, instead of calling <code class="highlighter-rouge">printf</code>, we can call <code class="highlighter-rouge">/???/??n/???n?f</code>.</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># Now, we can call:</span> +/???/??n/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">50</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">45</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">54</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">54</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">57"</span> + +<span class="c"># To print "hello". Or:</span> +<span class="si">$(</span>/???/??n/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">50</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">45</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">54</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">54</span><span class="se">\1</span><span class="s2">57"</span><span class="si">)</span> + +<span class="c"># To run "hello" as a program (still gives an error)</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Now, our problem with letters is solved, but we are still using numbers.</p> + +<p>Bash allows anyone to define functions. These functions can take arguments and call other programs. So, what if we have a function that can take any number of arguments, and return the number of arguments as a number? This will be helpful because an empty argument can be added with <code class="highlighter-rouge">""</code> (not a number or letter), and this will replace the need for numbers in our code. On a side note, bash allows <code class="highlighter-rouge">__</code> as a function name, so that’s cool.</p> + +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># Our function needs to do the following:</span> +<span class="c"># - Take any number of arguments</span> +<span class="c"># - Turn the number to a string</span> +<span class="c"># - Print the string so it can be evaluated back to a number with $()</span> + +<span class="c"># First, we start with an empty function, named __ (two underscores)</span> +__<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{}</span><span class="p">;</span> + +<span class="c"># Easy. Next, we use a built-in feature of bash to count the number of arguments passed</span> +__<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span> <span class="k">${#}</span> <span class="o">}</span><span class="p">;</span> + +<span class="c"># With the ${#} feature in bash, giving this function 3 arguments will return a 3</span> +<span class="c"># Next, we need to print this number to stdout </span> +<span class="c"># This can be done with printf</span> +<span class="c"># We still do not want to use any letters or numbers, so we must use our string of wildcards</span> +/???/??n/???n?f + +<span class="c"># So, we just plug this into our function</span> +__<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>/???/??n/???n?f <span class="k">${#}</span><span class="o">}</span><span class="p">;</span> + +<span class="c"># Now, calling our function with three arguments</span> +__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> +<span class="c"># Will print:</span> +3 +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Let’s put this together. First, we must tell bash that our <code class="highlighter-rouge">__</code> function exists.</p> +<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># We do this by starting our new script with: </span> +__<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>/???/??n/???n?f <span class="k">${#}</span><span class="o">}</span><span class="p">;</span> + +<span class="c"># Next, an eval to actually run our constructed string. Together it now looks like this:</span> +__<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>/???/??n/???n?f <span class="k">${#}</span><span class="o">)</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="si">$(</span>/???/??n/???n?f <span class="si">)</span> + +<span class="c"># Now, we construct a string using the __ function over and over again. "echo hello" looks like:</span> +__<span class="o">()</span> <span class="o">{</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="k">${#}</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="o">}</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="si">$(</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="si">$(</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span>/???/???/???n?f <span class="s2">"</span><span class="se">\\\\</span><span class="sb">`</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">``</span>__ <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="s2">""</span> <span class="sb">`</span><span class="s2">"</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="p">;</span><span class="si">)</span><span class="p">;</span> +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>Thats it! You do not actually have to worry about this, because BashSmash does it all for you automatically.</p> + +<h2 id="how-do-i-use-the-script">How do I use the script?</h2> +<p>To use BashSmash, simply make sure both <code class="highlighter-rouge">python3.7</code> and <code class="highlighter-rouge">python3-pip</code> are installed on your computer, then run:</p> +<div class="highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>pip3 install bashsmash +</code></pre></div></div> + +<p>For more info, see the <a href="https://pypi.org/project/bashsmash/">PYPI Page</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="why-do-you-have-a-desire-to-break-things-with-python">Why do you have a desire to break things with python</h2> +<p>Because it is fun. Give it a try!</p> + +<p>I will have a post here at some point about the weird things I do in my python code and why I do them.</p>I was watching this great Liveoverflow video yesterday, and really liked the idea of building escape sequences with strings. So, I built a new tool, BashSmash.The language hunt: Part 22019-06-24T17:36:00-04:002019-06-24T17:36:00-04:00http://0.0.0.0:4000/blog/2019/06/24/LanguageHunt2<p>This is a very short post, just to explain the result of <a href="/frc/2019/04/30/FRC-Languages.html">The language Hunt</a>.</p> + +<h2 id="our-choice">Our choice</h2> +<p>For our upcoming 2020 season and for the forseeable future, we have chosen Java as our programming language for direct hardware interfacing, and Python for networking, vision, and other smaller tasks.</p> + +<h2 id="what-does-this-mean-for-the-team">What does this mean for the team?</h2> +<p>Not too much. Aside from learning new syntax, tools, and no longer worrying about linker errors, Java and C++ have no real difference. Most of the reason Java was chosen was based on support instead of functionality. Java is much better supported by FIRST, WPILib, and other vendors. Java is also taught in the school 5024 is based from. For a more detailed explanation of the benefits of each language, take a look at Chief Delphi. There are plenty of posts there explaining the choices of many teams and their reasoning.</p> + +<h2 id="side-note">Side note</h2> +<p>I am experimenting with various post formats (This being a short post). Let me know which you prefer via the social platform of your choice.</p>This is a very short post, just to explain the result of The language Hunt. \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/fossl-feeds.html b/_site/fossl-feeds.html index e1d0a3e..c812b3c 100644 --- a/_site/fossl-feeds.html +++ b/_site/fossl-feeds.html @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ https://blog.mrtnrdl.de/feed.xml Site design by: Evan Pratten | - This site was last updated at: 2019-08-17 12:03:52 -0400 + This site was last updated at: 2019-08-21 12:48:55 -0400 @@ -126,12 +126,20 @@ https://blog.mrtnrdl.de/feed.xml + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/index.html b/_site/index.html index 6ff9eb7..b9212b6 100644 --- a/_site/index.html +++ b/_site/index.html @@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ -
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@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ Site design by: Evan Pratten | - This site was last updated at: 2019-08-17 12:03:52 -0400 + This site was last updated at: 2019-08-21 12:48:55 -0400
@@ -144,12 +144,20 @@ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/_site/projects.html b/_site/projects.html index f87a235..c70f14c 100644 --- a/_site/projects.html +++ b/_site/projects.html @@ -68,40 +68,76 @@

+ +
+ +
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- -
-
ThriftyField
-

ThriftyField is an open source replacement for the FIRST FMS software. This tool allows mass control over robots, along with real-time scoring and an audience display.

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+
ThriftyField
+

ThriftyField is an open source replacement for the FIRST FMS software. This tool allows mass control over robots, along with real-time scoring and an audience display.

+ + +
+
+ + +
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- -
-
DevDNS
-

DevDNS is a devRant bot for resolving DNS queries send via devRant’s comments system.

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DevDNS
+

DevDNS is a devRant bot for resolving DNS queries send via devRant’s comments system.

+ + +
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- -

-
-

This site is still under development. More projects will be listed soon.

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Dirobium
+

Dirobium is a fantasy CPU emulator that I built to teach myself basic low-level programming

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devCredits
+

My first community project, a tool help people credit contributors on their devRant community projects

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+ + +
+

+ + + +

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+

This site is still under development. More projects will be listed soon.

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+
@@ -113,7 +149,7 @@ Site design by: Evan Pratten | - This site was last updated at: 2019-08-17 12:03:52 -0400 + This site was last updated at: 2019-08-21 12:48:55 -0400
@@ -148,13 +184,21 @@ + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/assets/css/main.css b/assets/css/main.css index 5b6ca6c..db5cad7 100644 --- a/assets/css/main.css +++ b/assets/css/main.css @@ -104,7 +104,6 @@ a h5 { font-family: 'Noto Sans TC', sans-serif; box-shadow: 0 4px 8px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 6px 20px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19); background-color: #fff; - } .container .profile{ diff --git a/assets/js/particles.json b/assets/js/particles.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..adf3ad1 --- /dev/null +++ b/assets/js/particles.json @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ +{ + "particles": { + "number": { + "value": 33, + "density": { + "enable": true, + "value_area": 800 + } + }, + "color": { + "value": "#6c757d" + }, + "shape": { + "type": "circle", + "stroke": { + "width": 0, + "color": "#000000" + }, + "polygon": { + "nb_sides": 5 + }, + "image": { + "src": "img/github.svg", + "width": 100, + "height": 100 + } + }, + "opacity": { + "value": 0.5, + "random": false, + "anim": { + "enable": false, + "speed": 1, + "opacity_min": 0.1, + "sync": false + } + }, + "size": { + "value": 3.9458004845442964, + "random": false, + "anim": { + "enable": false, + "speed": 40, + "size_min": 0.1, + "sync": false + } + }, + "line_linked": { + "enable": true, + "distance": 110.4824135672403, + "color": "#17a2b8", + "opacity": 1, + "width": 4.419296542689612 + }, + "move": { + "enable": false, + "speed": 6, + "direction": "none", + "random": false, + "straight": false, + "out_mode": "out", + "bounce": false, + "attract": { + "enable": false, + "rotateX": 600, + "rotateY": 1200 + } + } + }, + "interactivity": { + "detect_on": "canvas", + "events": { + "onhover": { + "enable": false, + "mode": "repulse" + }, + "onclick": { + "enable": true, + "mode": "remove" + }, + "resize": true + }, + "modes": { + "grab": { + "distance": 400, + "line_linked": { + "opacity": 1 + } + }, + "bubble": { + "distance": 400, + "size": 40, + "duration": 2, + "opacity": 8, + "speed": 3 + }, + "repulse": { + "distance": 200, + "duration": 0.4 + }, + "push": { + "particles_nb": 4 + }, + "remove": { + "particles_nb": 2 + } + } + }, + "retina_detect": true + } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/assets/js/particles.min.js b/assets/js/particles.min.js new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b3d46d1 --- /dev/null +++ b/assets/js/particles.min.js @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +/* ----------------------------------------------- +/* Author : Vincent Garreau - vincentgarreau.com +/* MIT license: http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT +/* Demo / Generator : vincentgarreau.com/particles.js +/* GitHub : github.com/VincentGarreau/particles.js +/* How to use? : Check the GitHub README +/* v2.0.0 +/* ----------------------------------------------- */ +function hexToRgb(e){var a=/^#?([a-f\d])([a-f\d])([a-f\d])$/i;e=e.replace(a,function(e,a,t,i){return a+a+t+t+i+i});var t=/^#?([a-f\d]{2})([a-f\d]{2})([a-f\d]{2})$/i.exec(e);return t?{r:parseInt(t[1],16),g:parseInt(t[2],16),b:parseInt(t[3],16)}:null}function clamp(e,a,t){return Math.min(Math.max(e,a),t)}function isInArray(e,a){return a.indexOf(e)>-1}var pJS=function(e,a){var t=document.querySelector("#"+e+" > .particles-js-canvas-el");this.pJS={canvas:{el:t,w:t.offsetWidth,h:t.offsetHeight},particles:{number:{value:400,density:{enable:!0,value_area:800}},color:{value:"#fff"},shape:{type:"circle",stroke:{width:0,color:"#ff0000"},polygon:{nb_sides:5},image:{src:"",width:100,height:100}},opacity:{value:1,random:!1,anim:{enable:!1,speed:2,opacity_min:0,sync:!1}},size:{value:20,random:!1,anim:{enable:!1,speed:20,size_min:0,sync:!1}},line_linked:{enable:!0,distance:100,color:"#fff",opacity:1,width:1},move:{enable:!0,speed:2,direction:"none",random:!1,straight:!1,out_mode:"out",bounce:!1,attract:{enable:!1,rotateX:3e3,rotateY:3e3}},array:[]},interactivity:{detect_on:"canvas",events:{onhover:{enable:!0,mode:"grab"},onclick:{enable:!0,mode:"push"},resize:!0},modes:{grab:{distance:100,line_linked:{opacity:1}},bubble:{distance:200,size:80,duration:.4},repulse:{distance:200,duration:.4},push:{particles_nb:4},remove:{particles_nb:2}},mouse:{}},retina_detect:!1,fn:{interact:{},modes:{},vendors:{}},tmp:{}};var i=this.pJS;a&&Object.deepExtend(i,a),i.tmp.obj={size_value:i.particles.size.value,size_anim_speed:i.particles.size.anim.speed,move_speed:i.particles.move.speed,line_linked_distance:i.particles.line_linked.distance,line_linked_width:i.particles.line_linked.width,mode_grab_distance:i.interactivity.modes.grab.distance,mode_bubble_distance:i.interactivity.modes.bubble.distance,mode_bubble_size:i.interactivity.modes.bubble.size,mode_repulse_distance:i.interactivity.modes.repulse.distance},i.fn.retinaInit=function(){i.retina_detect&&window.devicePixelRatio>1?(i.canvas.pxratio=window.devicePixelRatio,i.tmp.retina=!0):(i.canvas.pxratio=1,i.tmp.retina=!1),i.canvas.w=i.canvas.el.offsetWidth*i.canvas.pxratio,i.canvas.h=i.canvas.el.offsetHeight*i.canvas.pxratio,i.particles.size.value=i.tmp.obj.size_value*i.canvas.pxratio,i.particles.size.anim.speed=i.tmp.obj.size_anim_speed*i.canvas.pxratio,i.particles.move.speed=i.tmp.obj.move_speed*i.canvas.pxratio,i.particles.line_linked.distance=i.tmp.obj.line_linked_distance*i.canvas.pxratio,i.interactivity.modes.grab.distance=i.tmp.obj.mode_grab_distance*i.canvas.pxratio,i.interactivity.modes.bubble.distance=i.tmp.obj.mode_bubble_distance*i.canvas.pxratio,i.particles.line_linked.width=i.tmp.obj.line_linked_width*i.canvas.pxratio,i.interactivity.modes.bubble.size=i.tmp.obj.mode_bubble_size*i.canvas.pxratio,i.interactivity.modes.repulse.distance=i.tmp.obj.mode_repulse_distance*i.canvas.pxratio},i.fn.canvasInit=function(){i.canvas.ctx=i.canvas.el.getContext("2d")},i.fn.canvasSize=function(){i.canvas.el.width=i.canvas.w,i.canvas.el.height=i.canvas.h,i&&i.interactivity.events.resize&&window.addEventListener("resize",function(){i.canvas.w=i.canvas.el.offsetWidth,i.canvas.h=i.canvas.el.offsetHeight,i.tmp.retina&&(i.canvas.w*=i.canvas.pxratio,i.canvas.h*=i.canvas.pxratio),i.canvas.el.width=i.canvas.w,i.canvas.el.height=i.canvas.h,i.particles.move.enable||(i.fn.particlesEmpty(),i.fn.particlesCreate(),i.fn.particlesDraw(),i.fn.vendors.densityAutoParticles()),i.fn.vendors.densityAutoParticles()})},i.fn.canvasPaint=function(){i.canvas.ctx.fillRect(0,0,i.canvas.w,i.canvas.h)},i.fn.canvasClear=function(){i.canvas.ctx.clearRect(0,0,i.canvas.w,i.canvas.h)},i.fn.particle=function(e,a,t){if(this.radius=(i.particles.size.random?Math.random():1)*i.particles.size.value,i.particles.size.anim.enable&&(this.size_status=!1,this.vs=i.particles.size.anim.speed/100,i.particles.size.anim.sync||(this.vs=this.vs*Math.random())),this.x=t?t.x:Math.random()*i.canvas.w,this.y=t?t.y:Math.random()*i.canvas.h,this.x>i.canvas.w-2*this.radius?this.x=this.x-this.radius:this.x<2*this.radius&&(this.x=this.x+this.radius),this.y>i.canvas.h-2*this.radius?this.y=this.y-this.radius:this.y<2*this.radius&&(this.y=this.y+this.radius),i.particles.move.bounce&&i.fn.vendors.checkOverlap(this,t),this.color={},"object"==typeof e.value)if(e.value instanceof Array){var s=e.value[Math.floor(Math.random()*i.particles.color.value.length)];this.color.rgb=hexToRgb(s)}else void 0!=e.value.r&&void 0!=e.value.g&&void 0!=e.value.b&&(this.color.rgb={r:e.value.r,g:e.value.g,b:e.value.b}),void 0!=e.value.h&&void 0!=e.value.s&&void 0!=e.value.l&&(this.color.hsl={h:e.value.h,s:e.value.s,l:e.value.l});else"random"==e.value?this.color.rgb={r:Math.floor(256*Math.random())+0,g:Math.floor(256*Math.random())+0,b:Math.floor(256*Math.random())+0}:"string"==typeof e.value&&(this.color=e,this.color.rgb=hexToRgb(this.color.value));this.opacity=(i.particles.opacity.random?Math.random():1)*i.particles.opacity.value,i.particles.opacity.anim.enable&&(this.opacity_status=!1,this.vo=i.particles.opacity.anim.speed/100,i.particles.opacity.anim.sync||(this.vo=this.vo*Math.random()));var n={};switch(i.particles.move.direction){case"top":n={x:0,y:-1};break;case"top-right":n={x:.5,y:-.5};break;case"right":n={x:1,y:-0};break;case"bottom-right":n={x:.5,y:.5};break;case"bottom":n={x:0,y:1};break;case"bottom-left":n={x:-.5,y:1};break;case"left":n={x:-1,y:0};break;case"top-left":n={x:-.5,y:-.5};break;default:n={x:0,y:0}}i.particles.move.straight?(this.vx=n.x,this.vy=n.y,i.particles.move.random&&(this.vx=this.vx*Math.random(),this.vy=this.vy*Math.random())):(this.vx=n.x+Math.random()-.5,this.vy=n.y+Math.random()-.5),this.vx_i=this.vx,this.vy_i=this.vy;var r=i.particles.shape.type;if("object"==typeof r){if(r instanceof Array){var c=r[Math.floor(Math.random()*r.length)];this.shape=c}}else this.shape=r;if("image"==this.shape){var o=i.particles.shape;this.img={src:o.image.src,ratio:o.image.width/o.image.height},this.img.ratio||(this.img.ratio=1),"svg"==i.tmp.img_type&&void 0!=i.tmp.source_svg&&(i.fn.vendors.createSvgImg(this),i.tmp.pushing&&(this.img.loaded=!1))}},i.fn.particle.prototype.draw=function(){function e(){i.canvas.ctx.drawImage(r,a.x-t,a.y-t,2*t,2*t/a.img.ratio)}var a=this;if(void 0!=a.radius_bubble)var t=a.radius_bubble;else var t=a.radius;if(void 0!=a.opacity_bubble)var s=a.opacity_bubble;else var s=a.opacity;if(a.color.rgb)var n="rgba("+a.color.rgb.r+","+a.color.rgb.g+","+a.color.rgb.b+","+s+")";else var n="hsla("+a.color.hsl.h+","+a.color.hsl.s+"%,"+a.color.hsl.l+"%,"+s+")";switch(i.canvas.ctx.fillStyle=n,i.canvas.ctx.beginPath(),a.shape){case"circle":i.canvas.ctx.arc(a.x,a.y,t,0,2*Math.PI,!1);break;case"edge":i.canvas.ctx.rect(a.x-t,a.y-t,2*t,2*t);break;case"triangle":i.fn.vendors.drawShape(i.canvas.ctx,a.x-t,a.y+t/1.66,2*t,3,2);break;case"polygon":i.fn.vendors.drawShape(i.canvas.ctx,a.x-t/(i.particles.shape.polygon.nb_sides/3.5),a.y-t/.76,2.66*t/(i.particles.shape.polygon.nb_sides/3),i.particles.shape.polygon.nb_sides,1);break;case"star":i.fn.vendors.drawShape(i.canvas.ctx,a.x-2*t/(i.particles.shape.polygon.nb_sides/4),a.y-t/1.52,2*t*2.66/(i.particles.shape.polygon.nb_sides/3),i.particles.shape.polygon.nb_sides,2);break;case"image":if("svg"==i.tmp.img_type)var r=a.img.obj;else var r=i.tmp.img_obj;r&&e()}i.canvas.ctx.closePath(),i.particles.shape.stroke.width>0&&(i.canvas.ctx.strokeStyle=i.particles.shape.stroke.color,i.canvas.ctx.lineWidth=i.particles.shape.stroke.width,i.canvas.ctx.stroke()),i.canvas.ctx.fill()},i.fn.particlesCreate=function(){for(var e=0;e=i.particles.opacity.value&&(a.opacity_status=!1),a.opacity+=a.vo):(a.opacity<=i.particles.opacity.anim.opacity_min&&(a.opacity_status=!0),a.opacity-=a.vo),a.opacity<0&&(a.opacity=0)),i.particles.size.anim.enable&&(1==a.size_status?(a.radius>=i.particles.size.value&&(a.size_status=!1),a.radius+=a.vs):(a.radius<=i.particles.size.anim.size_min&&(a.size_status=!0),a.radius-=a.vs),a.radius<0&&(a.radius=0)),"bounce"==i.particles.move.out_mode)var s={x_left:a.radius,x_right:i.canvas.w,y_top:a.radius,y_bottom:i.canvas.h};else var s={x_left:-a.radius,x_right:i.canvas.w+a.radius,y_top:-a.radius,y_bottom:i.canvas.h+a.radius};switch(a.x-a.radius>i.canvas.w?(a.x=s.x_left,a.y=Math.random()*i.canvas.h):a.x+a.radius<0&&(a.x=s.x_right,a.y=Math.random()*i.canvas.h),a.y-a.radius>i.canvas.h?(a.y=s.y_top,a.x=Math.random()*i.canvas.w):a.y+a.radius<0&&(a.y=s.y_bottom,a.x=Math.random()*i.canvas.w),i.particles.move.out_mode){case"bounce":a.x+a.radius>i.canvas.w?a.vx=-a.vx:a.x-a.radius<0&&(a.vx=-a.vx),a.y+a.radius>i.canvas.h?a.vy=-a.vy:a.y-a.radius<0&&(a.vy=-a.vy)}if(isInArray("grab",i.interactivity.events.onhover.mode)&&i.fn.modes.grabParticle(a),(isInArray("bubble",i.interactivity.events.onhover.mode)||isInArray("bubble",i.interactivity.events.onclick.mode))&&i.fn.modes.bubbleParticle(a),(isInArray("repulse",i.interactivity.events.onhover.mode)||isInArray("repulse",i.interactivity.events.onclick.mode))&&i.fn.modes.repulseParticle(a),i.particles.line_linked.enable||i.particles.move.attract.enable)for(var n=e+1;n0){var c=i.particles.line_linked.color_rgb_line;i.canvas.ctx.strokeStyle="rgba("+c.r+","+c.g+","+c.b+","+r+")",i.canvas.ctx.lineWidth=i.particles.line_linked.width,i.canvas.ctx.beginPath(),i.canvas.ctx.moveTo(e.x,e.y),i.canvas.ctx.lineTo(a.x,a.y),i.canvas.ctx.stroke(),i.canvas.ctx.closePath()}}},i.fn.interact.attractParticles=function(e,a){var t=e.x-a.x,s=e.y-a.y,n=Math.sqrt(t*t+s*s);if(n<=i.particles.line_linked.distance){var r=t/(1e3*i.particles.move.attract.rotateX),c=s/(1e3*i.particles.move.attract.rotateY);e.vx-=r,e.vy-=c,a.vx+=r,a.vy+=c}},i.fn.interact.bounceParticles=function(e,a){var t=e.x-a.x,i=e.y-a.y,s=Math.sqrt(t*t+i*i),n=e.radius+a.radius;n>=s&&(e.vx=-e.vx,e.vy=-e.vy,a.vx=-a.vx,a.vy=-a.vy)},i.fn.modes.pushParticles=function(e,a){i.tmp.pushing=!0;for(var t=0;e>t;t++)i.particles.array.push(new i.fn.particle(i.particles.color,i.particles.opacity.value,{x:a?a.pos_x:Math.random()*i.canvas.w,y:a?a.pos_y:Math.random()*i.canvas.h})),t==e-1&&(i.particles.move.enable||i.fn.particlesDraw(),i.tmp.pushing=!1)},i.fn.modes.removeParticles=function(e){i.particles.array.splice(0,e),i.particles.move.enable||i.fn.particlesDraw()},i.fn.modes.bubbleParticle=function(e){function a(){e.opacity_bubble=e.opacity,e.radius_bubble=e.radius}function t(a,t,s,n,c){if(a!=t)if(i.tmp.bubble_duration_end){if(void 0!=s){var o=n-p*(n-a)/i.interactivity.modes.bubble.duration,l=a-o;d=a+l,"size"==c&&(e.radius_bubble=d),"opacity"==c&&(e.opacity_bubble=d)}}else if(r<=i.interactivity.modes.bubble.distance){if(void 0!=s)var v=s;else var v=n;if(v!=a){var d=n-p*(n-a)/i.interactivity.modes.bubble.duration;"size"==c&&(e.radius_bubble=d),"opacity"==c&&(e.opacity_bubble=d)}}else"size"==c&&(e.radius_bubble=void 0),"opacity"==c&&(e.opacity_bubble=void 0)}if(i.interactivity.events.onhover.enable&&isInArray("bubble",i.interactivity.events.onhover.mode)){var s=e.x-i.interactivity.mouse.pos_x,n=e.y-i.interactivity.mouse.pos_y,r=Math.sqrt(s*s+n*n),c=1-r/i.interactivity.modes.bubble.distance;if(r<=i.interactivity.modes.bubble.distance){if(c>=0&&"mousemove"==i.interactivity.status){if(i.interactivity.modes.bubble.size!=i.particles.size.value)if(i.interactivity.modes.bubble.size>i.particles.size.value){var o=e.radius+i.interactivity.modes.bubble.size*c;o>=0&&(e.radius_bubble=o)}else{var l=e.radius-i.interactivity.modes.bubble.size,o=e.radius-l*c;o>0?e.radius_bubble=o:e.radius_bubble=0}if(i.interactivity.modes.bubble.opacity!=i.particles.opacity.value)if(i.interactivity.modes.bubble.opacity>i.particles.opacity.value){var v=i.interactivity.modes.bubble.opacity*c;v>e.opacity&&v<=i.interactivity.modes.bubble.opacity&&(e.opacity_bubble=v)}else{var v=e.opacity-(i.particles.opacity.value-i.interactivity.modes.bubble.opacity)*c;v=i.interactivity.modes.bubble.opacity&&(e.opacity_bubble=v)}}}else a();"mouseleave"==i.interactivity.status&&a()}else if(i.interactivity.events.onclick.enable&&isInArray("bubble",i.interactivity.events.onclick.mode)){if(i.tmp.bubble_clicking){var s=e.x-i.interactivity.mouse.click_pos_x,n=e.y-i.interactivity.mouse.click_pos_y,r=Math.sqrt(s*s+n*n),p=((new Date).getTime()-i.interactivity.mouse.click_time)/1e3;p>i.interactivity.modes.bubble.duration&&(i.tmp.bubble_duration_end=!0),p>2*i.interactivity.modes.bubble.duration&&(i.tmp.bubble_clicking=!1,i.tmp.bubble_duration_end=!1)}i.tmp.bubble_clicking&&(t(i.interactivity.modes.bubble.size,i.particles.size.value,e.radius_bubble,e.radius,"size"),t(i.interactivity.modes.bubble.opacity,i.particles.opacity.value,e.opacity_bubble,e.opacity,"opacity"))}},i.fn.modes.repulseParticle=function(e){function a(){var a=Math.atan2(d,p);if(e.vx=u*Math.cos(a),e.vy=u*Math.sin(a),"bounce"==i.particles.move.out_mode){var t={x:e.x+e.vx,y:e.y+e.vy};t.x+e.radius>i.canvas.w?e.vx=-e.vx:t.x-e.radius<0&&(e.vx=-e.vx),t.y+e.radius>i.canvas.h?e.vy=-e.vy:t.y-e.radius<0&&(e.vy=-e.vy)}}if(i.interactivity.events.onhover.enable&&isInArray("repulse",i.interactivity.events.onhover.mode)&&"mousemove"==i.interactivity.status){var t=e.x-i.interactivity.mouse.pos_x,s=e.y-i.interactivity.mouse.pos_y,n=Math.sqrt(t*t+s*s),r={x:t/n,y:s/n},c=i.interactivity.modes.repulse.distance,o=100,l=clamp(1/c*(-1*Math.pow(n/c,2)+1)*c*o,0,50),v={x:e.x+r.x*l,y:e.y+r.y*l};"bounce"==i.particles.move.out_mode?(v.x-e.radius>0&&v.x+e.radius0&&v.y+e.radius=m&&a()}else 0==i.tmp.repulse_clicking&&(e.vx=e.vx_i,e.vy=e.vy_i)},i.fn.modes.grabParticle=function(e){if(i.interactivity.events.onhover.enable&&"mousemove"==i.interactivity.status){var a=e.x-i.interactivity.mouse.pos_x,t=e.y-i.interactivity.mouse.pos_y,s=Math.sqrt(a*a+t*t);if(s<=i.interactivity.modes.grab.distance){var n=i.interactivity.modes.grab.line_linked.opacity-s/(1/i.interactivity.modes.grab.line_linked.opacity)/i.interactivity.modes.grab.distance;if(n>0){var r=i.particles.line_linked.color_rgb_line;i.canvas.ctx.strokeStyle="rgba("+r.r+","+r.g+","+r.b+","+n+")",i.canvas.ctx.lineWidth=i.particles.line_linked.width,i.canvas.ctx.beginPath(),i.canvas.ctx.moveTo(e.x,e.y),i.canvas.ctx.lineTo(i.interactivity.mouse.pos_x,i.interactivity.mouse.pos_y),i.canvas.ctx.stroke(),i.canvas.ctx.closePath()}}}},i.fn.vendors.eventsListeners=function(){"window"==i.interactivity.detect_on?i.interactivity.el=window:i.interactivity.el=i.canvas.el,(i.interactivity.events.onhover.enable||i.interactivity.events.onclick.enable)&&(i.interactivity.el.addEventListener("mousemove",function(e){if(i.interactivity.el==window)var a=e.clientX,t=e.clientY;else var a=e.offsetX||e.clientX,t=e.offsetY||e.clientY;i.interactivity.mouse.pos_x=a,i.interactivity.mouse.pos_y=t,i.tmp.retina&&(i.interactivity.mouse.pos_x*=i.canvas.pxratio,i.interactivity.mouse.pos_y*=i.canvas.pxratio),i.interactivity.status="mousemove"}),i.interactivity.el.addEventListener("mouseleave",function(e){i.interactivity.mouse.pos_x=null,i.interactivity.mouse.pos_y=null,i.interactivity.status="mouseleave"})),i.interactivity.events.onclick.enable&&i.interactivity.el.addEventListener("click",function(){if(i.interactivity.mouse.click_pos_x=i.interactivity.mouse.pos_x,i.interactivity.mouse.click_pos_y=i.interactivity.mouse.pos_y,i.interactivity.mouse.click_time=(new Date).getTime(),i.interactivity.events.onclick.enable)switch(i.interactivity.events.onclick.mode){case"push":i.particles.move.enable?i.fn.modes.pushParticles(i.interactivity.modes.push.particles_nb,i.interactivity.mouse):1==i.interactivity.modes.push.particles_nb?i.fn.modes.pushParticles(i.interactivity.modes.push.particles_nb,i.interactivity.mouse):i.interactivity.modes.push.particles_nb>1&&i.fn.modes.pushParticles(i.interactivity.modes.push.particles_nb);break;case"remove":i.fn.modes.removeParticles(i.interactivity.modes.remove.particles_nb);break;case"bubble":i.tmp.bubble_clicking=!0;break;case"repulse":i.tmp.repulse_clicking=!0,i.tmp.repulse_count=0,i.tmp.repulse_finish=!1,setTimeout(function(){i.tmp.repulse_clicking=!1},1e3*i.interactivity.modes.repulse.duration)}})},i.fn.vendors.densityAutoParticles=function(){if(i.particles.number.density.enable){var e=i.canvas.el.width*i.canvas.el.height/1e3;i.tmp.retina&&(e/=2*i.canvas.pxratio);var a=e*i.particles.number.value/i.particles.number.density.value_area,t=i.particles.array.length-a;0>t?i.fn.modes.pushParticles(Math.abs(t)):i.fn.modes.removeParticles(t)}},i.fn.vendors.checkOverlap=function(e,a){for(var t=0;tv;v++)e.lineTo(i,0),e.translate(i,0),e.rotate(l);e.fill(),e.restore()},i.fn.vendors.exportImg=function(){window.open(i.canvas.el.toDataURL("image/png"),"_blank")},i.fn.vendors.loadImg=function(e){if(i.tmp.img_error=void 0,""!=i.particles.shape.image.src)if("svg"==e){var a=new XMLHttpRequest;a.open("GET",i.particles.shape.image.src),a.onreadystatechange=function(e){4==a.readyState&&(200==a.status?(i.tmp.source_svg=e.currentTarget.response,i.fn.vendors.checkBeforeDraw()):(console.log("Error pJS - Image not found"),i.tmp.img_error=!0))},a.send()}else{var t=new Image;t.addEventListener("load",function(){i.tmp.img_obj=t,i.fn.vendors.checkBeforeDraw()}),t.src=i.particles.shape.image.src}else console.log("Error pJS - No image.src"),i.tmp.img_error=!0},i.fn.vendors.draw=function(){"image"==i.particles.shape.type?"svg"==i.tmp.img_type?i.tmp.count_svg>=i.particles.number.value?(i.fn.particlesDraw(),i.particles.move.enable?i.fn.drawAnimFrame=requestAnimFrame(i.fn.vendors.draw):cancelRequestAnimFrame(i.fn.drawAnimFrame)):i.tmp.img_error||(i.fn.drawAnimFrame=requestAnimFrame(i.fn.vendors.draw)):void 0!=i.tmp.img_obj?(i.fn.particlesDraw(),i.particles.move.enable?i.fn.drawAnimFrame=requestAnimFrame(i.fn.vendors.draw):cancelRequestAnimFrame(i.fn.drawAnimFrame)):i.tmp.img_error||(i.fn.drawAnimFrame=requestAnimFrame(i.fn.vendors.draw)):(i.fn.particlesDraw(),i.particles.move.enable?i.fn.drawAnimFrame=requestAnimFrame(i.fn.vendors.draw):cancelRequestAnimFrame(i.fn.drawAnimFrame))},i.fn.vendors.checkBeforeDraw=function(){"image"==i.particles.shape.type?"svg"==i.tmp.img_type&&void 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