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<h1>How I set up ひらがな input on my laptop
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</h1>
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<h4>I3wm makes everything 10x harder than it should be
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<p><em>2019-08-12 15:40:00 -0400
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<p>I am currently working with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana">ひらがな</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katakana">かたかな</a>, and, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanji">かんじ</a> in some projects, and needed a more reliable way to write than running some <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese">romaji</a> through an online translator. So, this post will detail what I did to enable native inputs on my laptop. This guide is specifically for <a href="https://i3wm.org/">i3wm</a>, because it does not obey system settings for languages and inputs.</p>
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<h2 id="adding-font-support-to-linux">Adding font support to Linux</h2>
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<p>Firstly, we need fonts. Depending on your system, these may already be installed. For Japanese, I only used <code class="highlighter-rouge">vlgothic</code>, so here in the package for it:</p>
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<div class="highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo apt install fonts-vlgothic
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</code></pre></div></div>
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<h2 id="language-support">Language support</h2>
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<p>Im not sure if this matters, but I have seen other people do it, so why not be safe?</p>
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<p>I am currently running a stock Ubuntu <a href="">18.04</a> base, which means that everything is pre-configured for Gnome. To set language support in Gnome, pull up the settings panel:</p>
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<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># This line fixes some compatibility issues between </span>
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<span class="c"># Gnome and I3 when launching the settings menu. </span>
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<span class="c"># I recommend aliasing it.</span>
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<span class="nb">env </span><span class="nv">XDG_CURRENT_DESKTOP</span><span class="o">=</span>GNOME gnome-control-center
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</code></pre></div></div>
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<p><img src="/assets/images/language-settings.png" alt="Gnome language settings"></p>
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<p>Next, go to <em>Settings > Language and Region > Input Sources</em>, and click on <em>Manage Installed Languages</em>.
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This will bring up a window where you can select a new language to install. From here, I clicked on <em>Install / Remove Language</em>.</p>
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<p><img src="/assets/images/language-installation.png" alt="Language installation panel"></p>
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<p>In this list, I just selected the languages I wanted (English and Japanese), and applied my changes. You may be asked to enter your password while installing the new languages. Once installation is complete, log out, and in again.</p>
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<p>With the new language support installed, return to the <em>Input Sources</em> settings, and press the <code class="highlighter-rouge">+</code> button to add a new language. From here, search the language you want (it may be under <em>Other</em>) and select it. For Japanese, select the <code class="highlighter-rouge">mozc</code> variant.</p>
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<p>Gnome’s language settings are now configured. If you are using Gnome (not I3), you can stop here.</p>
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<h2 id="configuring-ibus">Configuring ibus</h2>
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<p>Don’t get me wrong, I love I3wm, but sometimes it’s configurability drives me crazy.</p>
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<p>After searching through various forums and wikis looking for an elegant way to switch languages in I3, I found a link to an <a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/IBus">ArchWiki page</a> at the bottom of a mailing list (I blame Google for not showing this sooner). It turns out that a program called <code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus</code> is exactly what I needed. Here is how to set it up:</p>
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<p>Remember <code class="highlighter-rouge">mozc</code> from above? If you are not using it, this package may not work. Search for the appropriate <code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus-</code> package for your selected language(s).</p>
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<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># Install ibus-mozc for Japanese (mozc)</span>
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<span class="nb">sudo </span>apt <span class="nb">install </span>ibus-mozc
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</code></pre></div></div>
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<p>Now that <code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus</code> is installed, run the setup script:</p>
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<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code>ibus-setup
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</code></pre></div></div>
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<p><img src="/assets/images/ibus-general.png" alt="Ibus settings"></p>
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<p>From here, set your shortcut to something not used by I3 (I chose <code class="highlighter-rouge">CTRL+Shift+Space</code>, but most people prefer <code class="highlighter-rouge">Alt+Space</code>), and enable the system tray icon.
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Now, go to the <em>Input Method</em> settings.</p>
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<p><img src="/assets/images/ibus-input.png" alt="Ibus input settings"></p>
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<p>From here, press the <code class="highlighter-rouge">+</code>, and add your language(s).</p>
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<h2 id="configuring-profile">Configuring .profile</h2>
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<p>According to the Wiki page, I needed to add the following to my <code class="highlighter-rouge">~/.profile</code>:</p>
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<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># Language support</span>
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<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">GTK_IM_MODULE</span><span class="o">=</span>ibus
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<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">XMODIFIERS</span><span class="o">=</span>@im<span class="o">=</span>ibus
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<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">QT_IM_MODULE</span><span class="o">=</span>ibus
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ibus-daemon <span class="nt">-d</span> <span class="nt">-x</span>
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</code></pre></div></div>
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<p>It turns out that this <a href="https://github.com/ibus/ibus/issues/2020">causes issues with some browsers</a>, so I actually put <em>this</em> in my <code class="highlighter-rouge">~/.profile</code> instead:</p>
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<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><div class="highlight"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="c"># Language support</span>
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<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">GTK_IM_MODULE</span><span class="o">=</span>xim
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<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">XMODIFIERS</span><span class="o">=</span>@im<span class="o">=</span>ibus
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<span class="nb">export </span><span class="nv">QT_IM_MODULE</span><span class="o">=</span>xim
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ibus-daemon <span class="nt">-drx</span>
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</code></pre></div></div>
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<p>Now, log out and in again to let ibus properly start again, and there should now be a new applet in your bar for language settings.</p>
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<h2 id="workflow">Workflow</h2>
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<p><code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus</code> runs in the background and will show an indication of your selected language upon pressing the keyboard shortcut set in the <a href="#configuring-ibus">setup tool</a>. For languages like Japanese, where it’s writing systems do not use the English / Latin-based alphabets, <code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus</code> will automatically convert your words as you type (this behavior will be different from language to language).</p>
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<p>An example of this is as follows. I want to write the word <em>Computer</em> in Japanese (Katakana to be exact). I would switch to <code class="highlighter-rouge">mozc</code> input, and start typing the romaji word for computer, <em>Pasokon</em>. This will automatically be converted to Hiragana, <em>ぱそこん</em>. <em>Computer</em> is not a word that one would write in Hiragana as far as I know, so Katakana would be a better choice. To convert this word, I just press <code class="highlighter-rouge">Space</code> (This is indicated in the bottom left of my screen by <code class="highlighter-rouge">ibus</code>), and I now have <em>パソコン</em>, the Katakana word for <em>Computer</em>!</p>
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<hr>
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<h4 id="after-note-languages">After Note: Languages</h4>
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<p>In case you can’t tell, English is my native language. If I messed up my spelling or context with the small amount of Japanese in this post, <a href="/about#chat-with-me">let me know</a>!</p>
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This site was last updated at: 2019-11-30 11:30:39 -0500
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